Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical SketchDenig, Edwin Thompson
History
Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical Sketch
Denig, Edwin Thompson
Assiniboine Indians; Indians of North America -- Missouri River Valley
When a warrior dies the body is straightened and dressed in full war
dress, as for battle, the face being painted red. It is then wrapped
up in a blanket, which is again enveloped in scarlet cloth, or his
flag, if he has one; then his bow, quiver, sword, gun, powder horn,
battle ax, war club, tomahawk, knife, and his medicine or charm are
laid alongside and the whole baled with the body in his buffalo robe,
being the one on which his coups on his enemies are painted. The last
covering is the raw hide of a buffalo, hair inside, which incloses
all, and is strapped up tightly by strong cords passed through holes
cut around the edge of the skin, the whole presenting the form of a
large oblong bale. All this is done by some old men, often some of the
divining men, though not those who attended him while sick; and the
persons who pay this attention to the corpse know they will be well
paid by the relatives of the deceased, as it is the greatest honor
one Indian can confer on another and is a claim on the patronage of
the relatives during their life. Before enshrouding the body some one
of the persons who officiate cuts off a lock of the dead man’s hair,
which he retains a year. At the end of that time the nearest relatives
of the deceased buy the hair from him at a very high price in horses,
blankets, etc. This is another long ceremony and should be described,
but our limits do not admit of it.
When the body is thus dressed and prepared for interment it is the wish
of the relatives to get it out of sight as soon as possible, or in a
few hours after dissolution, but it often happens that there is no
suitable place in the vicinity for burial and they are obliged to carry
it along for several days. Most of these tribes prefer scaffolding the
corpse on trees, which is the most ancient method of disposing of them,
arising from the want of tools to excavate, particularly in the winter
season, when the ground is frozen to the depth of 5 feet as solid as
a rock, and for the reason that they wish the dead to be placed where
they can at all times feast and speak to them. Of late years, however,
they prefer their being interred by the whites at the different
trading forts if possible, but as this can only happen to a few the
others either scaffold them or inter them, when the weather admits,
on the tops of hills, covered with large stones, which, being rolled
on the grave after it is filled prevent the ravages of the wolves and
foxes. In either case the clothing, arms, medal, or other trinkets
not bequeathed are deposited with the body, and as the sanctum of the
dead is never disturbed nor these articles renewed, they must present
a sure criterion whereby to judge of their state of arts and arms at
the time of the interment as far as it is possible to be determined by
the nature of the materials thus deposited. Supposing they are near the
timber, and the man has died in the night, the funeral takes place next
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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