Education -- India; India -- Politics and government -- 1857-1919; India -- Social conditions
He gets up about 6, and having dressed (which is not a
long process) he starts work. Until 10, if you go into his
mess, you will see him "grinding" away at his text-book,
under the most amazing conditions for work--usually stretched
out upon his bed or sitting on the side of it. The room is
almost always shared with some other occupant, usually
with two or three or more other occupants, mostly engaged
in the same task if they are students. At 10 the
boy gets some food, and then goes of to his college for about
four or five hours of lectures. A little after 3 in the afternoon
he comes home to his mess, and between 3 and 5 is usually
seen lounging about his room, dead tired but often engaged
in discussion with his room-mates or devouring the newspaper,
which is his only form of recreation and his only bit of excitement.
At 5 he will go out for a short stroll down College-street
or around College-square. This is his one piece of
exercise, if such you can call it. At dusk he returns to his
ill-lighted, stuffy room and continues his work, keeping it up,
with a short interval for his evening meal, until he goes to
bed, the hour of bed-time depending upon the proximity
of his examination. A very large percentage when they
actually sit for their examinations are nothing short of
physical wrecks.
Dr. Williams proceeds to quote Dr. Mullick, an eminent Hindu physician
who has devoted himself to helping young students:--
The places where the students live huddled up together
are most hurtful to their constitutions. The houses are
dirty, dingy, ill-ventilated, and crowded. Even in case of
infectious sickness ... they lie in the same place as
others, some of whom they actually infect. Phthisis is getting
alarmingly common among students owing to the sputum of
infected persons being allowed to float about with the dust
in crowded messes.... Most of them live in private
messes where a hired cook and single servant have complete
charge of his food and house-keeping, and things are stolen,
foodstuffs are adulterated, badly cooked and badly served.
Dr. Williams, who states emphatically that "it is not exaggeration to
say that the student is often half-starved," goes on to deal with the
moral drawbacks of a life which is under no effective supervision and is
not even under the restraints, implied in the term "good form," that
play so important a part in Universities where there is a real
collegiate life.
When you segregate your young men by thousands in the
heart of this "city of dreadful night," amid conditions of
life which are most antagonistic to moral and physical well-being...
the result is a foregone conclusion, and it
does not only mean physical degeneration, it also means moral
degeneration, and it becomes a most potent predisposing
factor in political disease. Of that there can be no shadow
of doubt.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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