Most of the clans must have been intermingled in so small a population.
We have Youkeoma’s statement that there is a Ghost clan, subdivided
into a Ghost-and-Bird clan. A more intelligent member of the tribe once
endeavored to recall for me the numerous fraternities of his people. He
said: “The Sun, Salt, Crow, and Ant clans are dead. There are no more
of those people. The Parrot clan now has but one member, a woman. The
Bear clan is the largest, and next come the Sand and Snake clans. There
are the Spider and Evergreen clans. Some of them go in groups, so we
have the Bear, Spider, and Evergreen clans associated, as is the Rabbit
clan with the Tobacco clan. We have the Eagle, the Horn, the Fire, and
the Flute clan; the Antelope, the Lizard, and the Corn clan.” And when
that group of progressive head-men petitioned Washington in 1886 for a
school, they signed themselves as leaders of the Mountain-sheep clan,
the Coyote and Badger clans, the Rain, the Reed, and the Katchina
clans. But one of these men is living to-day—Honani, of Chimopovi,
always one of the friendlies. The most interesting and impressive of
them, Shupula, father of the chief Snake priest, died July 4, 1916, a
benign old man whose features are preserved in a splendid piece of
modeling by Mr. Emri Kopte, the sculptor who has lived for many years
among the Hopi Indians.
Next to these phases of his religion are the red pages of his
life-calendar. The Hopi is born to a heritage of toil in an unfriendly
environment, and perhaps to misunderstanding and small sympathy; but
the poetry of his life begins at once. The paternal grandmother acts as
his nurse. After bathing the child she anoints it with wood ashes, that
he may have a smooth body. The mother is supposed not to let the sun
shine on her for the period of twenty days, at the end of which time
the child is named. Only the women of the husband’s family are present
at this ceremony. They bring a blanket of Hopi weave, and a bowl of
sacred water to place before the mother. They wash her hair with this
water. Each of these godmothers brings an ear of corn as an offering.
They dip the corn in the water and stroke the head of the infant four
times, making at the same time a wish for its health and happiness.
Each of them suggests a name. The child will belong to the mother’s
clan, but will be named for something denoting the father’s clan. If
the father happens to be a member of the Sand clan, his children will
be named for things common to the desert sand.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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