Indians of North America -- Colorado; Mesa Verde National Park (Colo.)
In addition to their water carrying activities the women are also busy
gathering the edible plants that are so common during the summer. These
plants add variety to the diet and help to conserve the stores of grain.
In June the mesa tops are covered with flowers of all kinds and the
women admire them and call them by name as they search for the plants
that have value as food or medicine. The leaves and fruit of the prickly
pear are eaten; also the beautiful waxy flowers and the tender flower
stem of the yucca. Lily bulbs, wild onions, beeweed, sumac berries and
Mormon tea are only a few of the natural products which the women
gather. They know every seed, root, bulb, berry and plant that has value
and they search the mesas and canyons in order to obtain these
additional foods and flavors.
Occasionally the women interrupt the usual routine of their daily tasks
in order to give birth to babies. It is a pleasant diversion for
children are highly prized in this society. A woman continues her
regular work almost until time for the happy event. Being strong and
active she ordinarily goes through it without great difficulty. Her
mother is in charge of the affair but if all does not go well, a
medicine man is called in to chant her through her troubles.
Shortly after birth the baby is bathed and is rubbed with juniper ashes
to protect it from witches and other evil influences. It is then placed
on a bed of hot sand and a perfect ear of corn is kept always beside it.
For twenty days the mother and child are kept in the house away from
strong light and every fifth day the mother’s hair is washed with yucca
suds and she is bathed with water in which juniper twigs have been
boiled.
At sunrise on the twentieth day the child’s head is washed. Then its
grandmother on its father’s side takes it to the top of the cliff and
with a little ceremony of prayer, dedicates it to the Sun Father. On
this day it is named and since all of its aunts and both grandmothers
have the privilege of giving it a name, the baby may receive a dozen.
One name finally wins out and the others are forgotten.
For several months the child is kept on a cradle board most of the time.
This is merely a thin, smooth board to which the child is bound with
soft folds of cotton cloth or buckskin and a lacing of strings. No
pillow is provided and the soft, pliable head rests on the hard board
month after month. The result is obvious. Gradually the back of the head
flattens until it fits the board.
This change of head shape has no effect on the child except in the
matter of appearance. As the skull presses in at the back it bulges out
over the ears. The brain adjusts itself to the changing shape of its
container and suffers no ill effects. As a result of the use of this
hard cradle board, all of the people have the deformity on the back of
the head. Sometimes it is terrific and the head is as wide as it is
long.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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