Indians of North America -- Colorado; Mesa Verde National Park (Colo.)
Visitors are drawn to the ceremonies from far and wide. Their strongest
desire may be to see an important ceremony but even more often the
strongest motive is the desire to join in the festivities that accompany
it. There is always a gay crowd, much talking and visiting and an
abundance of good food. When the Crier Chief announces the date for a
ceremony, the news spreads rapidly and the men of other villages come
flocking in. It is a grand excuse for a visit to the big city to feast,
gossip, trade, and incidentally, to witness a ceremony.
Although the women play only a small part in the religious work, they
are always busy during the ceremonies for they must feed the
participants and the visitors. The ceremony may last for as many as nine
days and large quantities of food must be prepared. The women and girls
are busy over the cooking fires day after day.
The basic food article is corn in some form; it is the backbone of every
meal. Corn is by far the most abundant foodstuff and through the
generations the women have devised many ways of cooking it to prevent
its becoming monotonous. The corn is ground by the younger women on the
metates, smooth flat stones that are slanted into small bins. Under the
lower end of each metate is a clean adobe basin that gathers the meal.
The woman kneels at the upper end of the metate, places the corn on it,
and grinds it with a smaller, flat stone, the mano, which she holds in
her hands. Sliding the mano back and forth across the metate she grinds
the corn until a fine meal results. This is slow back-breaking work but
the women are forced to do it day after day. When a great deal of meal
must be produced for a ceremonial feast, several of the women grind
together. Often the young men sing for the grinders and a fast snappy
tune not only cheers the women but causes the grinding stones to move
much faster.
After the corn meal is prepared it can be cooked in a number of ways.
The simple batter may be baked in small cakes on a hot stone. Juniper
ashes may be added to make the cakes blue. The dough may be rolled in
corn husks and baked in the ashes or large cakes may be baked in hot
pits. If fine and coarse corn meal are mixed, rolled into little balls
and boiled in a pot of stew, tasty dumplings result.
A real delicacy results when the corn bread is sweetened with saliva. In
making this sweet bread a portion of the corn meal is chewed by the
women until the saliva changes the starch to sugar. When this chewed
meal is mixed with the rest of the meal and baked in corn husks, a sweet
bread results. If the chewed batter is rolled up in fresh corn leaves
and boiled, the resulting dumpling-like balls are the sweetest food
known to the people. The chewed foods are real delicacies and are made
especially for honored guests.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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