Extension of workmen’s insurance to cover chronic industrial poisoning is, however, most desirable in the interest of employers and employed, and also of science. The German accident insurance legislation is especially suited to do this, since the trade organisations direct their attention not only to the prevention of accidents but of industrial diseases also. III _SPECIAL PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR WORKERS_ SELECTION, CHOICE OF TRADE, ALTERNATION OF EMPLOYMENT, MEDICAL CONTROL, SAFETY APPLIANCES, INSTRUCTION AND CO-OPERATION OF WORKERS, CLOTHING, ATTENTION TO CLEANLINESS, FOOD, GENERAL WELFARE As a practical measure in protection against trade risk selection of those capable of resisting danger has to be considered. It is obviously desirable to select for employment in a dangerous trade persons possessing powers of resistance, because predisposition and resistance to the action of poisons differ markedly in individuals. To some extent such a selection comes of itself, as those who are very susceptible are obliged by repeated attacks to give up the work. The social and physical misery, undeserved loss of employment, illness, and perhaps early death following on this kind of selection might be checked by timely medical examination so as to weed out the unfit. But medical examination prior to admission into a dangerous trade (actually practised in many industries involving risk of poisoning) inflicts hardship on those seeking employment, and recruits the ranks of the unwillingly unemployed. It would be much better were it possible to meet the need of selection by pertinent direction and guidance in choice of calling. There should be insistence in technical schools especially on the dangers inherent in certain industries, school medical examination as to physical qualifications for certain industries, and careful note made of individual suitability in labour bureaus, apprentice agencies, and the like. Young female workers, naturally less able to resist, should be excluded from work involving risk of poisoning—a principle which has been acted on in the legislation of civilised countries.