Influenza : $b An epidemiologic studyVaughan, Warren T. (Warren Taylor)
History
Influenza : $b An epidemiologic study
Vaughan, Warren T. (Warren Taylor)
Influenza
There are several other points of resemblance between horse influenza
and human influenza. The mortality from influenza among horses is under
ordinary circumstances between two and seven per cent., and is highest
in horses worn out by fatigue after a long railroad journey, among fat
horses out of condition, and among horses which have been driven after
they were sick. The death rate in the simple catarrhal form of influenza
rarely exceeds one-half of one per cent., while in the pectoral form it
is never less than four or five per cent., and may reach 16 per cent.
The only measure of prevention which has been found wholly satisfactory
is strict isolation. Usually influenza occurs in horses who have newly
arrived in a stable from elsewhere. Practically all the newly arrived
horses and country horses are almost alone susceptible. Soper, who has
studied the records, such as they are, in the army veterinary corps, and
also the records from the Bureau of Animal Industry, concludes that they
show nothing to indicate that any general epizootic of influenza
occurred among horses during the year 1918 corresponding to, or
connectable with the pandemic of influenza among human beings. There was
influenza among the horses, but he does not think it was extensive
enough to be allied with influenza among human beings. He concludes that
there are two types of influenza among horses, first a mild form which
nearly all horses get when transferred to a contaminated stable, after
which there develops immunity, and the second type, a true epizootic
which may sweep the entire country, attacking practically every horse. A
most suggestive result of his study lies in the fact that predisposing
influences play a most important part in the production of serious
influenza among horses.
Aside from noting a certain similarity between the epizootic of
so-called influenza in horses and influenza as we know it in man, we
cannot acquire much additional information concerning influenza itself
from a consideration of this subject. The important conclusion is that
in several of the most important epidemiologic features the two diseases
are similar and that the study of human influenza may be furthered by
critical studies of influenza in horses. We shall attempt to demonstrate
that influenza in a similar manner is not unlike other epidemic
diseases.
_Asiatic cholera._—There are those who claim that the disease should be
compared with Asiatic cholera which remains constantly endemic on the
banks of the Ganges and at intervals spreads from there throughout
Indo-China, and formerly at times throughout the civilized world. Those
who compare influenza with this disease believe that this is additional
evidence in favor of a single focus of endemicity of influenza.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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