Influenza : $b An epidemiologic studyVaughan, Warren T. (Warren Taylor)
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Influenza : $b An epidemiologic study
Vaughan, Warren T. (Warren Taylor)
Influenza
It has been amply demonstrated that _crowd gatherings_ markedly
facilitate the spread of the disease. Mass meetings should be prohibited
and gatherings in and out of doors should be discouraged. The public
should be taught that the safest place is at home.
What _instructions_ can we give _to the individual_ for his own
protection? There are at least six precautions based on scientific
knowledge. They are:
First: Avoid crowds.
Second: Avoid crowding in the family.
Third: Sleep alone.
Fourth: Pay particular attention to personal hygiene.
Fifth: Boil all dishes, etc., after meals.
Sixth: Do not eat in insanitary restaurants. Eat at home.
Should cases be _isolated_? Should they be quarantined until no longer
infective? The experience of the last epidemic has rendered us
pessimistic. We have found that isolation and quarantine does little or
no good. Institutions which were held under rigid quarantine for the
first months of the epidemic were later invaded when discipline became
lax. The disease thereafter spread often as extensively as it would
have, had there been no delay. But, on the other hand, there is record
of some institutions in which the quarantine lasted throughout the
epidemic and in which the inmates never became ill. All of our past
experience with infectious diseases leads us to believe that isolation
of cases should be enforced. The experience of 1918 should not cause us
to change from this point of view. Up until now the procedure has been
without results. It has been nearly impossible to enforce it. Further
study must be made before any definite conclusion can be reached.
The same in general may be said regarding _disinfection_ after recovery
of a case of influenza. Today most people believe that disinfection is
unnecessary. The work of Lynch and Cumming, if correct, would indicate
the contrary. The possibility of transmission through inanimate objects
has not as yet been completely eliminated.
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