Inheritance of Characteristics in Domestic FowlDavenport, Charles Benedict
Science
Inheritance of Characteristics in Domestic Fowl
Davenport, Charles Benedict
Heredity; Poultry
[9] Bateson and Punnett (1908, p. 28) recognize three
"kinds" of recessive whites--that of the Silkie, that of the
Rose-comb bantams, and that of "white birds that have arisen in
the course of our experiments." White Cochins have perhaps been
one of the ancestors of Rose-comb bantams; Bateson's new white
lay recessive in the White Dorking and when mated to the White
Silkie throws Game-colored offspring.
"_Grays._"--White Leghorns and their derivatives belong to this
class. Its gametic formula is: _CJNWx_. This indicates that the race
contains the color enzyme, as well as the Jungle pattern and the
supermelanic coat. But all of these are rendered invisible by the
graying factor _W_. The superxanthic factor is missing.
2. BLACK.
The uniform black birds that I have studied are of several sorts.
The Black Minorca and White-faced Black Spanish have the gametic
formula _CJNwx_. Owing to the absence of the graying factor and the
presence of the color factor these appear as pigmented birds, but the
supermelanic coat, _N_, obscures the Jungle coloration, so that the
bird appears entirely black. Nevertheless the black is not of uniform
quality, but just those parts of the feathers of the wing, back,
hackle, saddle, and breast that are red in the Jungle fowl are of an
iridescent black, while the portion that is not red in the Jungle is
of a dead black.
The Black Cochin has the gametic formula _CINwx_. This differs from
the formula of the Minorca only in this respect: the Jungle pattern
is present, but not the pigmentation that is usually associated with
it.
The Black Game ("Black Devil") that I used in a few experiments
seemed to have the same gametic formula as the Minorca, only the
supermelanic coat was less dense.
3. BUFF.
For this color I used Buff Cochins, the original buff race. The
gametic formula of this race proves to be _CjnwX_--the Jungle-fowl
pattern being absent.
B. EVIDENCE.
The evidence for the gametic interpretations of the self-colored fowl
is derived from hybridizations. It will now be presented in detail.
1. SILKIE × MINORCA (OR SPANISH).
(Plates 3 to 6.)
By hypothesis this cross is between _cJnwx_ and _CJNwx_. The first
generation should give the zygotic formula _CcJ2Nnw2x2_, or, more
simply, _CcJ2Nn_. This formula resembles closely that for the
Minorca; but it differs in this important respect, that the coloring
factor and the supermelanic factor are both heterozygous, and hence
diluted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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