Brownell, whose _Lyrics of a Day_ and _War Lyrics_ were published respectively in 1864 and 1866, was private secretary to Farragut, on whose flag-ship, the _Hartford_, he was present at several great naval engagements, such as the "Passage of the Forts" below New Orleans, and the action off Mobile, described in his poem, the _Bay Fight_. With some roughness and unevenness of execution Brownell's poetry had a fire which places him next to Whittier as the Koerner of the civil war. In him, especially, as in Whittier, is that Puritan sense of the righteousness of his cause which made the battle for the Union a holy war to the crusaders against slavery: "Full red the furnace fires must glow That melt the ore of mortal kind; The mills of God are grinding slow, But ah, how close they grind! "To-day the Dahlgren and the drum Are dread apostles of his name; His kingdom here can only come By chrism of blood and flame." One of the earliest martyrs of the war was Theodore Winthrop, hardly known as a writer until the publication in the _Atlantic Monthly_ of his vivid sketches of _Washington as a Camp_, describing the march of his regiment, the famous New York Seventh, and its first quarters in the Capitol at Washington. A tragic interest was given to these papers by Winthrop's gallant death in the action of Big Bethel, June 10, 1861. While this was still fresh in public recollection his manuscript novels were published, together with a collection of his stories and sketches reprinted from the magazines. His novels, though in parts crude and immature, have a dash and buoyancy--an out-door air about them--which give the reader a winning impression of Winthrop's personality. The best of them is, perhaps, _Cecil Dreeme_, a romance that reminds one a little of Hawthorne, and the scene of which is the New York University building on Washington Square, a locality that has been further celebrated in Henry James's novel of _Washington Square_. Another member of this same Seventh Regiment, Fitz James O'Brien, an Irishman by birth, who died at Baltimore in 1862 from the effects of a wound received in a cavalry skirmish, had contributed to the magazines a number of poems and of brilliant though fantastic tales, among which the _Diamond Lens_ and _What Was It?_ had something of Edgar A. Poe's quality. Another Irish-American, Charles G. Halpine, under the pen-name of "Miles O'Reilly," wrote a good many clever ballads of the war, partly serious and partly in comic brogue. Prose writers of note furnished the magazines with narratives of their experience at the seat of war, among papers of which kind may be mentioned Dr. Holmes's _My Search for the Captain_, in the _Atlantic Monthly_, and Colonel T. W. Higginson's _Army Life in a Black Regiment_, collected into a volume in 1870.