These observations were, he said, the pleasing result of the investigation into which the subject of his report had led, and were applicable to the Southern as well as to the Middle and Northern States. He also designated the principal raw materials of which these manufactures were composed, and which were, or were capable of being, raised or produced by ourselves. These were iron, copper, lead, fossil coal, wool, skins, grain, flax and hemp, cotton, wool, silk, &c., &c. The Secretary contended that the growth and production of all the articles last named were, in common with the manufactures of which they constituted the raw material, entitled to the encouragement _and specific aid of the Federal Government_. He next pointed out the various modes in which that aid might be afforded, varying its application according to circumstances; viz.: 1st. By _protecting duties_. 2d. By _prohibition_ of rival articles, or duties equivalent to prohibition. 3d. By _prohibition of the exportation_ of the _materials_ of manufactures. 4th. By _pecuniary bounties_. 5th. By _premiums_. 6th. By _exemption_ of _the materials_ of _manufactures from duties_. 7th. By _drawbacks_ of duties on the same materials. 8th. By _encouragement_ of new inventions at home and the _introduction_ of others from abroad. 9th. By _judicious regulations_ for the _inspection_ of manufactured commodities. 10th. By facilitating pecuniary remittances; and, 11th. By facilitating the transportation of commodities _by roads and canals_.