[Illustration: Microgaster glomeratus.] After the caterpillar ceases from feeding, it crawls aside for the purpose of assuming the pupal state. But, before it can do so, the ichneumon larvæ, which have also ceased from feeding, burst their way through the sides of the caterpillar, and immediately begin to spin their cocoon. These are oval, very small, and covered with yellow silk. A group of these cocoons is shown at Fig. 3. The innumerable fibres of these cocoons hamper the caterpillars so much that, in most cases, it seldom is able to stir from the spot, but dies in the midst of its enemies. Groups of these yellow cocoons can be found in every wall or paling near cabbage gardens. In a few days, the larvæ have passed through their pupal stage, assuming the winged state, and emerge from the cocoons through little circular doors, as seen in Fig. 2. Our second illustration represents another species, _Microgaster alveolarius_, together with its cocoons. As before, the insect is shown of its natural size at la, and magnified at 1. The preliminary life of this insect is exactly the same as that of the preceding; but, instead of making a number of independent and separate cocoons, the insects spin so closely together that they form an edifice very much resembling a bee-comb. Fig. 5 represents one of these cell-groups of the natural size, and the edge of another group is shown at Fig. 4. A longitudinal section, slightly enlarged, is given at 3, in order to show the hexagonal shape assumed by the aggregated cells; and Fig. 2 shows the little lids which open to give egress to the insect. All these figures are drawn from specimens in my collection.] [Illustration: Microgaster alveolarius.] THE END. LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS. FOOTNOTES: [A] Stephens' Illustrations, vol. i., p. 72, note. [B] Contemplation de la Nature, part ii. ch. 42. [C] The original observations in this volume which are marked by the initials J. R., are by J. Rennie, A.M., A.L.S., and those which are enclosed in brackets are by the Rev. J. G. Wood, M.A., F.L.S. [D] Introduction to Entomology, vol. i. [E] Dunciad, book iv. [F] Humboldt, Voyage, lib. vii., ch. 20. [G] Amer. Ornith., i., p. 144. [H] Amer. Ornith., iii., p. 21. [I] Blumenbach; see also Insect Transformations, p. 231. [J] Nomina si pereant, perit et cognitio rerum. [K] J. R., in Mag. of Natural History, vol. i., p. 334. [L] Miss Jermyn's Butterfly Collector, p. 11. [M] Generally to ametabolous pupæ. [N] See Spallanzani's Tracts, by Dalyell, vol. i. [O] Ray, Hist. Insect., 254. [P] The fifth order of Linnæus; insects with four transparent veined wings. [Q] Naturalist's Calendar, p. 100. [R] Introduction to Entomology, vol. i. p. 435, 5th edit. [S] See p. 50. [T] Shapeless. [U] The Owl observed by Vieillot in St. Domingo digs itself a burrow two feet in depth, at the bottom of which it deposits its eggs upon a bed of moss.