Nicotiana tabacum.—This plant is covered with innumerable hairs of
unequal lengths, which catch many minute insects. The pedicels of the
hairs are divided by transverse partitions, and the secreting glands
are formed of many cells, containing greenish matter with little
globules of some substance. Leaves were left in an infusion of raw meat
and in water for 26 hrs., but presented no difference. Some of these
same leaves were then left for above 2 hrs. in a solution of carbonate
of ammonia, but no effect was produced. I regret that other experiments
were not tried with more care, as M. Schloesing [page 353] has shown*
that tobacco plants supplied with the vapour of carbonate of ammonia
yield on analysis a greater amount of nitrogen than other plants not
thus treated; and, from what we have seen, it is probable that some of
the vapour may be absorbed by the glandular hairs.]
A Summary of the Observations on Glandular Hairs.—From the foregoing
observations, few as they are, we see that the glands of two species of
Saxifraga, of a Primula and Pelargonium, have the power of rapid
absorption; whereas the glands of an Erica, Mirabilis, and Nicotiana,
either have no such power, or the contents of the cells are not
affected by the fluids employed, namely a solution of carbonate of
ammonia and an infusion of raw meat. As the glands of the Mirabilis
contain protoplasm, which did not become aggregated from exposure to
the fluids just named, though the contents of the cells in the blade of
the leaf were greatly affected by carbonate of ammonia, we may infer
that they cannot absorb. We may further infer that the innumerable
insects caught by this plant are of no more service to it than are
those which adhere to the deciduous and sticky scales of the leaf-buds
of the horse-chestnut.
The most interesting case for us is that of the two species of
Saxifraga, as this genus is distantly allied to Drosera. Their glands
absorb matter from an infusion of raw meat, from solutions of the
nitrate and carbonate of ammonia, and apparently from decayed insects.
This was shown by the changed dull purple colour of the protoplasm
within the cells of the glands, by its state of aggregation, and
apparently by its more rapid spontaneous movements.
* ‘Comptes rendus,’ June 15, 1874. A good abstract of this paper is
given in the ‘Gardener’s Chronicle,’ July 11, 1874. [page 354]
The aggregating process spreads from the glands down the pedicels of
the hairs; and we may assume that any matter which is absorbed
ultimately reaches the tissues of the plant. On the other hand, the
process travels up the hairs whenever a surface is cut and exposed to a
solution of the carbonate of ammonia.
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