International Law. A Treatise. Volume 2 (of 2): War and Neutrality. Second EditionOppenheim, L. (Lassa)
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International Law. A Treatise. Volume 2 (of 2): War and Neutrality. Second Edition
Oppenheim, L. (Lassa)
International law
[Sidenote: Lawful and Unlawful Practices of Sea Warfare.]
§ 174. As regards means of sea warfare, just as regards means of land
warfare, it must be emphasised that not every practice capable of
injuring the enemy in offence and defence is lawful. Although no
regulations regarding the laws of war on sea have as yet been enacted by
a general law-making treaty as a pendant to the Hague Regulations, there
are treaties concerning special points--such as submarine mines,
bombardment by naval forces, and others--and customary rules of
International Law in existence which regulate the matter. Be that as it
may, the rules concerning sea warfare are in many points identical with,
but in many respects differ from, the rules in force regarding warfare
on land. Therefore, the means of sea warfare must be discussed
separately in the following sections. But blockade and capture of
vessels carrying contraband and rendering unneutral service to the
enemy, although they are means of warfare against an enemy, are of such
importance as regards neutral trade that they will be discussed below in
Part III. §§ 368-413.
[Sidenote: Objects of the Means of Sea Warfare.]
§ 175. Whereas the objects against which means of land warfare may be
directed are innumerable, the number of the objects against which means
of sea warfare are directed is very limited, comprising six objects
only. The chief object is enemy vessels, whether public or private; the
next, enemy individuals, with distinction between those taking part in
fighting and others; the third, enemy goods on enemy vessels; the
fourth, the enemy coast; the fifth and sixth, neutral vessels attempting
to break blockade, carrying contraband, or rendering unneutral service
to the enemy.
[Sidenote: Development of International Law regarding Private Property
on Sea.]
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