[Footnote 82: For brevity's sake the Hague Convention enacting Regulations regarding the laws and customs of war on land will be referred to in the following pages as the _Hague Regulations_. It is, however, of importance to observe that the Hague Regulations, although they are intended to be binding upon the belligerents, are only the basis upon which the signatory Powers have to frame instructions for their forces. Article 1 declares: "The high contracting parties shall issue instructions to their armed land forces, which shall be in conformity with the Regulations respecting the Laws of War on Land annexed to the present Convention." The British War Office, therefore, published in 1912, a guide, _Land Warfare: an Exposition of the Laws and Usages of War on Land for the Guidance of Officers of His Majesty's Army_, written by order of His Majesty's Secretary of War by Colonel Edmonds and Professor Oppenheim, in which the Hague Regulations are systematically set out; their full text is published in Appendix 6 of the guide. But it should be mentioned that the British War Office had already in 1903 published a manual, drafted with great precision and clearness by Professor Holland, for the information of the British forces, comprising "The Laws and Customs of War on Land, as defined by the Hague Convention of 1899." See also Holland, _The Laws of War on Land (Written and Unwritten)_, Oxford, 1908.] (5) The Declaration concerning expanding (dumdum) bullets; see below, § 112. (6) The Declaration concerning projectiles and explosives launched from balloons; see below, § 114. (7) The Declaration concerning projectiles diffusing asphyxiating or deleterious gases; see below, § 113. (8) The Convention for the adaptation to sea warfare of the principles of the Geneva Convention, produced by the First and revised by the Second Peace Conference. (9) The Convention of 1907 concerning the opening of hostilities (Second Peace Conference). (10) The Convention of 1907 concerning the status of enemy merchantmen at the outbreak of hostilities (Second Peace Conference). (11) The Convention of 1907 concerning the conversion of merchantmen into men-of-war (Second Peace Conference). (12) The Convention of 1907 concerning the laying of automatic submarine contact mines (Second Peace Conference). (13) The Convention of 1907 concerning bombardment by naval forces in time of war (Second Peace Conference). (14) The Convention of 1907 concerning certain restrictions on the exercise of the right of capture in maritime war (Second Peace Conference). (15) The two Conventions of 1907 concerning the rights and duties of neutral Powers and persons in land warfare and in sea warfare (Second Peace Conference).