Have you ever observed a little stream of water enter a large pond in which were grass, shrubbery, logs, decaying vegetation, and débris of all sorts--the accumulation of years? And have you noticed that here and there there were stagnant pools, without a perceptible motion from where you stood, but that as you reached the side opposite to the entrance some faint traces of motion became visible, and that as you followed the line it soon formed into a stream quite equal to the inflow? The pure water, on entering and mingling with the stagnant water and old deposits, soon becomes corrupted and foul. Somewhat similar unhygienic and toxic results take place in ponds of stagnant blood and abnormal deposits such as proctitis and colitis involve, and where, for six or eight inches or more of the large intestine, inflammation is deeply seated, and blood stasis is of course in full swing. As the débris in a stagnant pond decays, making the water impure, so in an inflamed organ the tissues decay, making the blood impure. Ulceration is an exhibition of this process of congestion, induration, and decay. The rectum and sigmoid flexure are loosely hung in the pelvic space and are surrounded by fatty cushions of connective tissue on all sides, which fact allows the organ considerable dilatation and motion (Fig. 5). Owing to the anatomical structure and the location of the lower bowel, it becomes a serious matter when it is invaded by an ulcerative inflammatory process--especially when all the layers of tissue forming its wall are invaded, and still more so when the connective tissue around the organ is in the same condition. Far better were it for the victim of proctitis and periproctitis--filled as he is with channels and reservoirs--if pus were to form in abundance at once and thus betray the destructive action in the spongy areolar or connective tissue, under the mucous membrane, around the rectum, and in the tissue forming the anus and buttocks. The pathological condition brought about by inflammation, etc., requires a remedy that will empty the over-dilated vessels and remove the serum deposit in the tissues, which is analogous to the rubbish of a pond.