Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis : $b a course of twenty-eight lectures delivered at the University of ViennaFreud, Sigmund
Science
Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis : $b a course of twenty-eight lectures delivered at the University of Vienna
Freud, Sigmund
Psychoanalysis
In the first place, I must confess that there is nobody who makes the
interpretation of dreams his main business. In what circumstances, then,
do we come to interpret them? At times we may occupy ourselves, for no
particular purpose, with the dreams of a friend, or we may work out our
own dreams over a period of time in order to train ourselves for
psycho-analytic work; but chiefly we have to do with the dreams of
nervous patients who are undergoing psycho-analytic treatment. These
last dreams provide splendid material and are in no respect inferior to
those of healthy persons, but the technique of the treatment obliges us
to subordinate dream-interpretation to therapeutic purposes and to
desist from the attempt to interpret a large number of the dreams as
soon as we have extracted from them something of use for the treatment.
Again, many dreams which occur during the treatment elude full
interpretation altogether; since they have their origin in the whole
mass of material in the mind which is as yet unknown to us, it is not
possible to understand them until the completion of the cure. To relate
such dreams would necessarily involve revealing all the secrets of a
neurosis; this will not do for us, since we have taken up the problem of
dreams in preparation for the study of the neuroses.
Now I expect you would willingly dispense with this material and would
prefer to listen to the explanation of dreams of healthy persons or
perhaps of your own. But the content of these dreams makes that
impossible. One cannot expose oneself, nor anyone whose confidence has
been placed in one, so ruthlessly as a thorough interpretation of a
dream would necessitate; for, as you already know, they touch upon all
that is most intimate in the personality. Apart from the difficulty
arising out of the nature of the material, there is another difficulty
as regards relating the dreams. You are aware that the dream seems
foreign and strange to the dreamer himself; how much more so to an
outsider to whom his personality is unknown. The literature of
psycho-analysis shows no lack of good and detailed dream-analyses; I
myself have published some which formed part of the history of certain
pathological cases. Perhaps the best example of a dream-interpretation
is that published by O. Rank, consisting of the analysis of two
mutually-related dreams of a young girl. These cover about two pages of
print, while the analysis of them runs into 76 pages. It would need
almost a whole term’s lectures in order to take you through a work of
this magnitude. If we selected some fairly long and considerably
distorted dream we should have to enter into so many explanations, to
adduce so much material in the shape of associations and recollections,
and to go down so many sidetracks, that a single lecture would be quite
unsatisfying and would give no clear idea of it as a whole. So I must
ask you to be content if I pursue a less difficult course, and relate
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