Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis : $b a course of twenty-eight lectures delivered at the University of ViennaFreud, Sigmund
Science
Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis : $b a course of twenty-eight lectures delivered at the University of Vienna
Freud, Sigmund
Psychoanalysis
I do it rather than permit a stupid misunderstanding which might cost us
the fruit of all our labours on the subject of dreams; a
misunderstanding that _confounds the dream with the latent
dream-thoughts_, and makes statements with regard to the former which
are applicable to the _latter and to the latter only_. For it is
perfectly true that dreams can represent, and be themselves replaced by,
all the modes of thought just enumerated: resolutions, warnings,
reflections, preparations or attempts to solve some problem in regard to
conduct, and so on. But when you look closely, you will recognize that
all this is true only of the latent thoughts which have been transformed
into the dream. You learn from interpretations of dreams that the
unconscious thought-processes of mankind are occupied with such
resolutions, preparations and reflections, out of which dreams are
formed by means of the dream-work. If your interest at any given moment
is not so much in the dream-work, but centres on the unconscious
thought-processes in people, you will then eliminate the dream-formation
and say of dreams themselves, what is for all practical purposes
correct, that they represent a warning, a resolve, and so on. This is
what is often done in psycho-analytic work: generally we endeavour
simply to demolish the manifest form of dreams and to substitute for it
the corresponding latent thoughts in which the dream originated.
Thus it is that we learn quite incidentally from our attempt to assess
the latent dream-thoughts that all the highly complicated mental acts we
have enumerated can be performed unconsciously—a conclusion surely as
tremendous as it is bewildering.
But to go back a little: you are quite right in speaking of dreams as
representing these various modes of thought, provided that you are quite
clear in your own minds that you are using an abbreviated form of
expression and do not imagine that the manifold variety of which you
speak is in itself part of the essential nature of _dreams_. When you
speak of “a dream” you must mean either the manifest dream, i.e. the
product of the dream-work, or at most that work itself, i.e. the mental
process which forms the latent dream-thoughts into the manifest dream.
To use the word in any other sense is a confusion of ideas which is
bound to be mischievous. If what you say is meant to apply to the latent
thoughts behind the dream, then say so plainly, and do not add to the
obscurity of the problem by your loose way of expressing yourselves. The
latent dream-thoughts are the material which is transformed by the
dream-work into the manifest dream. What makes you constantly confound
the material with the process which deals with it? If you do that, in
what way are you superior to those who know of the final product only,
without being able to explain where it comes from or how it is
constructed?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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