Mr. VELDE. Do you not think you are a bit gullible or naive when you say that you did not know there was a Soviet espionage ring operating in this country? Tell the committee the truth. Mr. O’CONNELL. Now listen. I think I have set forth my position. I do not know that that is actually true. I do not know that it is true. I do not know it. I have never met a Soviet spy that I know of. Mr. VELDE. It is just unbelievable to me. Of course, that is just my opinion. Mr. O’CONNELL. You are in a different position than I am. Mr. VELDE. With all your connections that have been brought out here with the various front groups, with all of your connections with well-known Communists, not to realize that there has been an espionage ring operating in this country is amazing to me. You are an intelligent man. Mr. O’CONNELL. Any of those groups or any of the individuals that have been mentioned here can be tied down to specific programs or purposes or things of that kind, but certainly nothing along the line of espionage. Mr. WILLIS. Would it surprise you if they were? Mr. O’CONNELL. No, it would not surprise me; but what I am saying is that I do not know. Mr. WILLIS. The committee is adjourned and the witness is dismissed. Mr. O’CONNELL. Thank you. (Whereupon, at 5:25 p. m., the hearing in the above matter was concluded and the committee recessed to the call of the Chair.) INDEX INDIVIDUALS Adair, Robin, 473 Archer, James, 436 Armstrong, Harry C., 419, 420, 586, 588 Astley, Theodore Raymond, 522 Atkinson, N. P., 423 Atkinson, Roy, 470, 504 Bader, Barney, 435 Bailey, George, 434 Baldwin, C. B., 553 Balmer, Alice, 485 Batterson, Frank, 512 Beattie, John F., 312 Belden (Mr.), 589 Benjamin, Herbert, 272, 599, 601 Bernard, John T., 572, 573, 598 Bitterman, Jacob, 441-443 (testimony) Bitterman, Ruth, 442, 522 Bittleman, Alexander, 602 Blauvelt, Mildred, 550 Bloor, Ella Reeve, 583 Boggs, Elizabeth, 471 Bourne, James, 357, 359, 479 Bradley, George, 273, 336, 356 Bristol, Al, 471 Bristol, Frances, 471 Brockway, Harold, 356 Brockway, John, 356 Brodsky, Joseph, 508 Browder, Earl, 264, 475, 581 Brown, Roy, 262 Buchanan, Tom 559, 593 Budenz, Louis, 264, 585, 590, 591, 594, 596-598, 600, 601 Burns, Helmi (Mrs. Tom Burns; also known as Hutenen, Helmi), 437 Burns, Tom, 437 Burton, Philip L., 414 Camozzi, Robert, 469 Campbell, Ray, 311 Carlson, Edwin A., 327-329 (testimony), 365-374 (testimony) Carlson, Frank, 545, 548 Carmichael, Edward Brook, Jr., 322-326 (testimony) Carter, Edward C., 461 Cayton, Revels, 467 Chafee, Zechariah, Jr., 507 Clinton, Rose, 558, 593 Clott, Herman, 563 Clott, Lillian, 563, 564, 593 Cluck, Jack R., 443, 450 Coffee, John M., 573 Cohen, Abraham Arthur, 490-492 (testimony) Cohen, Elizabeth Boggs, 521, 523 Cole, Merwin, 469 Coley, Ward, 469 Corr, Bill, 468