the patient building up again of Irish character in those qualities which win in the modern struggle for existence. The field for that great work is clear of at least the worst of its many historic encumbrances. Ireland must be re-created from within. The main work must be done in Ireland, and the centre of interest must be Ireland. When Irishmen realise this truth, the splendid human power of their country, so much of which now runs idly or disastrously to waste, will be utilised; and we may then look with confidence for the foundation of a fabric of Irish prosperity, framed in constructive thought, and laid enduringly in human character. THE END. FOOTNOTES: [48] Pages 38, 39. [49] It must be borne in mind that the Department is not officially concerned with the question of the economic distribution of land referred to on pp. 46-49. [50] For a full description of the Department's scheme of agricultural education I may refer to a _Memorandum on Agricultural Education in Ireland,_ written by the author and published by the Department, July, 1901. [51] See _ante_, pp. 236-238. [52] Speech of the Lord Lieutenant to the Incorporated Law Society, November 20th, 1902. See also p. 170. INDEX A.E. (George W. Russell) 200 Agitation as a policy, 82, 83 Agricultural Board, 228, 234, _seq_. 269 Agriculture:-- Agricultural Holdings:-- Improvement of, 46 _seq_. Transfer of peasants to new farms, 48 _seq_. Agricultural Organisation: Denmark, 131 Department of Agriculture and farmers' societies, 211 England, Mr. Hanbury's and Lord Onslow's views, 242 Irish Agricultural Organisation Society (see that title) Societies 44, 45 Co-operation (see that title). Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction (see that title) Depression in, 179 Education in relation to, 126, 264 _seq_. 269 Exodus of Rural Population, 39 State-Aid, 45, 211 Tillage, decrease of, 42 Agriculture and Technical Instruction (Ireland) Act, 224, 227, 236, 238 Albert Institute, Glasnevin, 230, 271 Altruism, appeal to in co-operation, 210 America, Irish in: 72 Causes of their success and failure, 55 _seq_. Irish in American politics, 70 _seq_. Loss of religion in, 111 Anderson, R.A.:-- Co-operative movement, 184, 190 Irish Agricultural Organisation Society, 200 Andrews, Mr. Thomas:-- Recess Committee, 219 Anti-English Sentiment:-- Irish in America and, 72 Nature and cause, 13 Anti-Treating League, 114 Arnott, Sir John:-- Recess Committee, 218 Art, modern ecclesiastical art in Ireland, 108 Association, economic, value of, 167 Associative qualities of the Irish, 166