Island Life; Or, The Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and FlorasWallace, Alfred Russel
Science
Island Life; Or, The Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras
Wallace, Alfred Russel
Biogeography; Glacial epoch; Island ecology
70. *Spartina Townsendi (Groves). Hampshire. "A distinct but very local
form of _S. stricta_, found in one place only." (J. D. H.)
71. Agrostis nigra (With.).
72. Deschampsia flexuosa (Trin.), _var._ Voirlichensis (J. C. Melvill).
Perth.
73. *Deyeuxia neglecta (Kunth), _var._ Hookeri (Syme). Ireland. "A
distinct variety confined to Lough Neagh." (J. D. H.)
74. Glyceria maritima (Willd.), _var._ riparia (Towns.). Hampshire.
75. Poa Balfouri (Bab.). Scotland. "An alpine sub-variety of a variety
of the protean _P. nemoralis_." (J. D. H.)
In his comments on this extensive list of supposed peculiar British plants,
Sir Joseph Hooker arrives at the following conclusions:--
1. There are four unquestionably distinct species which do not occur in
continental Europe: viz.--
_One_ absolutely endemic species, POTAMOGETON LANCEOLATUS.
_Three_ American species, SISYRINCHIUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM, SPIRANTHES
ROMANZOVIANA, ERIOCAULON SEPTANGULARE.
2. There are sixteen endemic varieties of British species, viz.--
_Eleven_ of more or less variable species, Caltha palustris, _var._
RADICANS; Polygala vulgaris, _var._ GRANDIFLORA; Cerastium arcticum,
_var._ EDMONSTONII; Trifolium repens, _var._ TOWNSENDII; Rosa involuta,
_var._ WILSONI; Rubus fruticosus, _sub-sp._ LONGITHYRSIGER; Campanula
rotundifolia, _var._ SPECIOSA; Erythraea centaurium, _sub-sp._
LATIFOLIA; Carex involuta, (? Hyb.); Carex vesicaria, _var._ GRAHAMI;
Deyeuxia neglecta, _var._ HOOKERI.
_Five_ of comparatively well limited species. Arabis petraea, _var._
GRANDIFOLIA; Helianthemum guttatum, _var._ BREWERI; Geranium
sanguineum, _var._ LANCASTRIENSE; Oenanthe Phellandrium, _var._
FLUVIATILIS; Spartium stricta, _var._ TOWNSENDI.
The above twenty species are marked in the list with an asterisk. Of the
remaining fifty-five, Sir Joseph Hooker says, "that for various reasons it
would not be safe to rely on them as evidence. In most cases the varietal
form is so very trifling a departure from the type that this may be safely
set down to a local cause, and is probably not constant. In others the
plant is doubtfully endemic; in still others a hybrid."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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