This list exhibits to us the marvellous fact that more than half the peculiar species of Formosan birds have their nearest allies in such remote regions as the Himalayas, South India, the Malay Islands, or Japan, rather than in the adjacent parts of the Asiatic continent. Fourteen species have Himalayan allies, and six of these belong to genera which are unknown in China. One has its nearest ally in the Nilgherries, and five in the Malay Islands; and of these six, four belong to genera which are not Chinese. Two have their only near allies in Japan. Perhaps more curious still are those cases in which, though the genus is Chinese, the nearest allied species is to be sought for in some remote region. Thus we have the Formosan babbler (_Garrulax ruficeps_) not allied to the species found in South China, but to one inhabiting North India and East Thibet; while the black bulbul (_Hypsipetes nigerrimus_), is not allied to the Chinese species but to an Assamese form. In the same category as the above we must place eight species not peculiar to Formosa, but which are Indian or Malayan rather than Chinese, so that they offer examples of discontinuous distribution somewhat analogous to what {407} we found to occur in Japan. These are enumerated in the following list. SPECIES OF BIRDS COMMON TO FORMOSA AND INDIA OR MALAYA, BUT NOT FOUND IN CHINA. 1. _Siphia superciliaris._ The Rufous-breasted Flycatcher of the S. E. Himalayas. 2. _Halcyon coromanda._ The Great Red Kingfisher of India, Malaya, and Japan. 3. _Palumbus pulchricollis._ The Darjeeling Wood-pigeon of the S. E. Himalayas. 4. _Turnix dussumieri._ The larger Button-quail of India. 5. _Spizaetus nipalensis._ The Spotted Hawk-eagle of Nepal and Assam. 6. _Lophospiza trivirgata._ The Crested Gos-hawk of the Malay Islands. 7. _Bulaca newarensis._ The Brown Wood-owl of the Himalayas. 8. _Strix candida._ The Grass-owl of India and Malaya. The most interesting of the above are the pigeon and the flycatcher, both of which are, so far as yet known, strictly confined to the Himalayan mountains and Formosa. They thus afford examples of discontinuous specific distribution exactly parallel to that of the great spotted kingfisher, already referred to as found only in the Himalayas and Japan.