Suffragists -- United States; Women -- Suffrage -- United States
Kropotkin wrote[2] of his incarceration in Clairvaux prison in 1888, to
which he and twenty-two others were transferred from Lyons after being
prosecuted for belonging to the International Workingmen’s Association:
“In France, it is generally understood that for political prisoners the
loss of liberty and the forced inactivity are in themselves so hard
that there is no need to inflict additional hardships.”
[2] Memoirs of a Revolutionist, Kropotkin.
In Clairvaux he and his comrades were given quarters in spacious rooms,
not in cells. Kropotkin and Emile Gautier, the French anarchist, were
given a separate room for literary work and the Academy of Sciences
offered them the use of its library.
There was no intercourse with common law prisoners. The politicals were
allowed to wear their own clothes, to smoke, to buy food and wine from
the prison canteen or have it brought in; they were free of compulsory
work, but might, if they chose, do light work for which they were paid.
Kropotkin mentions the extreme cleanliness of the prison and the
“excellent quality” of the prison food.
Their windows looked down upon a little garden and also commanded a
beautiful view of the surrounding country. They played nine- pins in
the yard and made a vegetable and flower garden on the surface of the
building’s wall. For other forms of recreation, they were allowed to
organize themselves into classes. This particular group received from
Kropotkin lessons in cosmography, geometry, physics, languages and
bookbinding. Kropotkin’s wife was allowed to visit him daily and to
walk with him in the prison gardens.
Sebastian Faure, the great French teacher and orator, was sentenced to
prison after the anarchist terrorism in 1894 and while there was
allowed to write his “La Douleur Universelle”
Paul La Fargue, son-in-law of Karl Marx, wrote his famous “The Right to
be Lazy” in Sainte Pelagie prison.
France has continued this policy to date. Jean Grave, once a shoemaker
and now a celebrated anarchist, was condemned to six months in La Sante
prison for an offensive article in his paper, Les Temps Nouveaux. Such
is the liberty allowed a political that while serving this sentence he
was given paper and materials with which to write another objectionable
article, called “La Société Mourante et l’Anarchie,” for the
publication of which he received another six months.
It is interesting to note the comparatively light sentences political
offenders get in France. And then there is an established practice of
amnesty. They rarely finish out their terms. Agitation for their
release extends from the extreme revolutionary left to the members of
the Chamber of Deputies, frequently backed by the liberal press.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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