[161] The guilandina dioica of Linn., Marshall, &c. but referred by Michaux to the new genus gymnocladus, of which it is the only well ascertained species. It is common throughout the western states, and territories, and in Canada, where it is called by the French Chicot, or stump tree, from the nakedness of its appearance in winter. In the English gardens, where it has been cultivated many years under the name of the hardy bonduc, it has attained considerable magnitude, but has not hitherto been known to produce flowers.--JAMES. [162] _Fringilla grammaca_, SAY.--Above blackish-brown; _head_ lineated; beneath white, a black line from the inferior base of the inferior mandible, above this a dilated white line; from the angle of the mouth proceeds a black line, which is much dilated and ferruginous behind the eye, and terminates in a contracted black line; a black line from the eye to the superior mandible, enclosed, as well as the eye, by a dilated white line, which is more contracted behind the eye; top of the head with two dilated lines, which are black on the front and ferruginous on the crown and hind head, and separated from each other by a cinereous line; interscapulars and lesser wing coverts margined with dull cinereous or brownish; _wings_ dusky brown, a white spot on the outer webs of the second, third, and fourth primaries, near their bases; _back_ dirty olive-brown; _tail_ rounded; _tail feathers_ twelve, blackish-brown, two intermediate ones immaculate, adjoining ones with a small white spot at tip, which, on the lateral ones, increases in size until on the exterior one it occupies half of the total length of the feather; the exterior web of the outer feather is white to its base; _chin_ and _throat_ white; _neck_ and _breast_ dull cinereous; _abdomen_ and _vent_ white; _feet_ pale, tinged with orange; nail of the middle toe slightly dilated on the inner side. Length six and a quarter inches. Shot at Belle Fontain on the Missouri. Many specimens were obtained. The auriculars of the female are yellowish-brown. They run upon the ground like a lark, seldom fly into a tree, and sing sweetly. They were subsequently observed at Engineer Cantonment.--JAMES. [163] _Coluber obsoletus_, SAY.--_Body_ black above, beneath whitish, with large subquadrate black spots, which are confluent, and pale bluish towards the tail; _throat_ and _neck_ pure white; _sides_ between the scales with red marks.