Japan and the California ProblemIyenaga, T. (Toyokichi)
History
Japan and the California Problem
Iyenaga, T. (Toyokichi)
Japan -- Emigration and immigration; Japanese -- California
The Japanese method of distinguishing non-immigrants from immigrants,
however, has not been altogether irrational or arbitrary. The established
custom is that the Government issues two kinds of passports, one with a
lavender color design on the front page with the word "non-immigrant"
stamped on it, and the other with a green color design with the word
"immigrant" printed on the front page. The former is given to those who
desire to go to America for business, educational, or traveling purposes,
expecting to return home after a brief stay, and who have strong financial
assurance. The latter passports, namely, the immigrant's, are given to
those who are entitled to enter America, according to the already
specified provisions of the "Gentlemen's Agreement," viz. "former
residents," "parents, wives, or children of residents," and "settled
agriculturists." The passports, however, are not granted even to these
classes unless they file a petition to the Government with a certificate
from a Japanese Consulate in America certifying the breadwinner in America
to be an honest man, with a clean record, who is capable of comfortably
supporting a family. In this way, although without a definite standard of
regulation, the Japanese Government faithfully adheres to the provisions
of the agreement, even to the point of being charged with an extreme
rigidity. The following table given in the Report of the
Commissioner-General of Immigration shows in detail how the agreement has
been operating:
JAPANESE LABORERS ADMITTED TO CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES 1910 TO 1919.
_According to Annual Report of Commissioner-General of Immigration._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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