Japan and the California ProblemIyenaga, T. (Toyokichi)
History
Japan and the California Problem
Iyenaga, T. (Toyokichi)
Japan -- Emigration and immigration; Japanese -- California
=========================================================================
| In possession of proper passports. |
Fiscal| Entitled to passports under |
Year | "Gentlemen's Agreement." |
Ending|------------------------------------------------------------------
June. | Former | Parents, | Settled | Not | Without |Total.
|Residents.| Wives, |Agriculturists.| Entitled | Proper |
| | and | | to |Passports.|
| | Children | |Passports.| |
| | of | | | |
| |Residents.| | | |
------|----------|----------|---------------|----------|----------|------
1910 | 245 | 373 | 1 | 47 | 39 | 705
1911 | 351 | 268 | .. | 88 | 25 | 732
1912 | 602 | 224 | .. | 60 | 27 | 913
1913 | 1,175 | 178 | .. | 41 | 13 | 1,407
1914 | 1,514 | 119 | .. | 84 | 51 | 1,768
1915 | 1,545 | 585 | 1 | 54 | 29 | 2,214
1916 | 1,695 | 1,199 | 2 | 39 | 78 | 3,013
1917 | 1,647 | 1,115 | .. | 36 | 87 | 2,885
1918 | 1,774 | 507 | .. | 88 | 235 | 2,604
1919 | 1,265 | 422 | .. | 48 | 241 | 1,976
|----------|----------|---------------|----------|----------|------
Total | 11,813 | 4,990 | 4 | 585 | 825 |18,217
=========================================================================
The table indicates that out of the total immigration of 18,217 from 1909
to 1920, 11,813 of this number were people who temporarily visited Japan;
4990 belonged to the families of residents; 4 were "settled
agriculturists," and 585 were persons not entitled, for reasons
unexplained, to passports. It also shows that 825 were persons without
proper passports. The latter category included immigrants bound for
Canada, Mexico, and South America who were sidetracked on the way, those
who lost their passports, as well as deserting seamen and smugglers. For
these cases of illicit endeavors to enter America, the Japanese Government
can hardly be held responsible. It would be absurd to put forth the
negligible number of 585 cases, that are recorded during the period of ten
years as persons who are not entitled to passports, as an evasion of the
"Gentlemen's Agreement" on the part of the Tokyo Government. It is one
thing to point out the defects of the agreement, but it is an entirely
different matter to charge bad faith in its execution.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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