Japan and the California ProblemIyenaga, T. (Toyokichi)
History
Japan and the California Problem
Iyenaga, T. (Toyokichi)
Japan -- Emigration and immigration; Japanese -- California
The influence of American environment upon the descendants of
immigrants increases with the time that the immigrants have lived in
this country before the birth of their children.
The differences in type between the American-born descendant of the
immigrant and the European-born immigrant develop in early childhood
and persist throughout life.
Among the East European Hebrews the American environment, even in the
congested parts of the city, has brought about a general more
favorable development of the race, which is expressed in the increased
height of body (stature) and the weight of the children.
There are not only decided changes in the rate of development of
immigrants, but there is also a far-reaching change in the type--a
change which cannot be ascribed to selection or mixture, but which can
only be explained as due directly to the influence of environment. We
are, therefore, compelled to draw the conclusion that if these traits
change under the influence of environment, presumably _none of the
characteristics of the human types that come to America remain
stable_.[49]
A very similar result has been reached by Dr. Fishberg in his study[50] of
the Jews in America, in which he found that the physical features of the
Jews in the United States are changing considerably as the result of
change in social elements.
Because of lack of scientifically established data pertaining to the
physical change of Japanese descendants in America, we forbear from
making any bold assertion on that topic. Yet, even to the casual
observer, it seems almost undeniable that American-born Japanese children
are fast departing from the type which their parents represent, thus
corroborating the truth discovered by scientists. The Japanese Educational
Association of San Francisco once conducted an extensive physical
examination of Japanese children in twenty different grammar schools in
California, and found (1) that they are generally superior in physical
development to children of corresponding ages in Japan; (2) that in height
they are from one to two inches taller than children in Nippon; (3) that
in weight they are from three to seven pounds heavier; (4) that they have
fairer skin when compared with that of their parents born in Japan; (5)
that their hair is dark brown and not jet black, as is that of their
parents; and (6) that their general posture is much better than that
commonly seen among the children of Japan.[51]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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