The first question I undertook to answer was the amount of section
which the excitable tissues of Staurophora laciniata would endure
without losing their power of conducting the spasmodic contraction
from one of their parts to another. This was a very interesting
question to settle, because Staurophora laciniata, like all the other
species of discophorus naked-eyed Medusæ, differs from Aurelia, etc.,
in that the ordinary contraction-waves are very easily blocked by
section. It therefore became interesting to ascertain whether or not
the wave of spasm admitted of being blocked as easily. First, then,
as regards the margin. If this be all cut off in a continuous strip,
with the exception of one end left attached _in situ_, irritation
of any part of the almost severed strip will cause a responsive
spasm of the bell, so soon as the wave of stimulation has time to
reach the latter. I next continued this form of section into the
contractile tissues themselves, carrying the incision round and round
the bell in the form of a spiral, as represented in the case of
Aurelia by Fig. 11, page 70. In this way I converted the whole Medusa
into a ribbon-shaped piece of tissue;[17] and on now stimulating
the marginal tissue at one end of the ribbon, a portion of the
latter would go into a spasm. The object of this experiment was to
ascertain how far into the ribbon-shaped tissue the wave of spasm
would penetrate. As I had expected, different specimens manifested
considerable differences in this respect, but in all cases the degree
of penetration was astonishingly great. For it was the exception to
find cases in which the wave of spasm failed to penetrate from end
to end of a spiral strip caused by a section that had been carried
twice round the nectocalyx; and this is very astonishing when we
remember that the ordinary contraction-waves, whether originated by
stimulation of the contractile tissues or arising spontaneously from
the point of attachment of the marginal strip, usually failed to
penetrate further than a quarter of the way round. Moreover, these
waves of spasm will continue to penetrate such a spiral strip even
after the latter has been submitted to a system of interdigitating
cuts of a very severe description.
[17] It may be stated that while conducting this mode of section
of Staurophora laciniata, the animal responds to each cut of the
contractile tissues with a locomotor contraction (or it may not
respond at all); but each time the section crosses one of the
radial tubes, the whole bell in front of the section, and the
whole strip behind it, immediately go into a spasm.
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