The Howling or Lancer Dervishes, as I call them, do not live in a community, but very frequently assemble in a house opposite to the Hospital of S. Helena, which may be considered as their convent. Many of the principal Effendis of the city belong to this order. The badge of membership is a necklace of wooden beads round the neck, and a long staff with an iron lance-head in the hand. They were founded by an old Mohammedan santon, an inhabitant of the neighbourhood of S. Jean d'Acre, who came to Jerusalem in 1856 to preach a course of sermons. When these dervishes hold their meetings, or are coming from them, they sing at the top of their voices in the streets, from which practice I have given them their name. Their distinctive marks might lead us to mistrust them, but in difficult circumstances they have proved themselves worthy of confidence; so perhaps I did wrong when I was hard-hearted enough to break the lance-handle of a country dervish, who met me on the Jaffa road, and demanded a _bakshish_ rather in the tone of a soldier than of a monk. I made him amends by repairing his lance, and gave it back to him, comforting him with the assurance that it would be as good as ever for the next traveller he met. The Jews have no establishments where the Doctors and Rabbins live in common, so that I pass over in silence their dwellings, which are destitute of everything except neatness. I believe that I have now gone through all the buildings in the interior of Jerusalem without exception, and have only to speak of the waters; but these I shall leave for another chapter, and consider them after I have described the neighbourhood. FOOTNOTES: [460] Plate II. [461] Page 64. [462] Jewish War, V. 5, § 8. [463] Ibid. V. 5, § 8. [464] Ibid. V. 4, § 2. [465] Plate XI. [466] S. Cyril. Catech. Lect. XIII. (Libr. of Fathers, Vol. II. p. 163). [467] Holy City, Vol. II. p. 375. [468] De Vogüé, Les Églises de la Terre Sainte, p. 299, quoting from Gesta Francorum expugn. Hierus. Bongars. p. 573. [469] Quoted by De Vogüé, p. 299. [470] Elucidatio Terræ Sanctæ, Lib. IV. Pereg. 6, c. 2, Vol. II. p. 181, col. 2, ed. 1639. [471] Ibid. [472] Elucidatio Terræ Sanctæ, Lib. IV. Pereg. 6, c. 5, Vol. II. p. 196, col. 2, ed. 1639. [473] Hist. de l'état présent de Jérus. Ch. XIII. [474] Note I; Plates XII., XIII. [475] S. John xix. 5. [476] Ch. III. page 60. [477] Histoire de l'état présent de Jésus. Ch. XIII. [478] S. Luke xxiii. 7-11. [479] Jewish War, I. 3, § 3. [480] M. de Vogüé (Les Églises de la Terre Sainte, p. 304) states that it is mentioned in the Citez de Jherusalem. [481] S. Matt. xxvii. 32; S. Mark xv. 21; S. Luke xxiii. 26. [482] S. Matt. ix. 20. [483] Nehem. xii. 39. [484] S. Luke xxiii. 28. [485] Nicephorus, H. E. Lib. VIII. c. 30. [486] De Fide Orth. Lib. IV. 14. Quoted by Quaresm. E. T. S. Lib. IV. Pereg. 3, c. 12., Tom. II. p. 103, col. 2, ed. 1639. [487] C. 11 (cf. c. 6), also quoted by Quaresm. Ibid.