The jewellers of the Middle Ages delighted in lavishing their utmost taste and skill on morses, which were of a variety of shapes, and were composed of every material. Some were enriched with precious stones, including ancient cameos, and others rendered attractive with coloured enamels. Several lists of English morses are preserved. In the inventory of Sarum,[78] of the year 1222, gold, silver, and jewelled morses, _firmacula_, _pectoralia_, or _monilia_ (as they were variously termed in the Middle Ages) are described at length; in that of St. Paul's,[79] drawn up in 1295, there are no less than twenty-eight; while the inventory of jewels (_jocalia_) preserved in York Minster[80] in 1500 includes an extraordinarily rich collection of these ornaments. [78] Rock, _op. cit._, III, iii, p. 101. [79] Dugdale, _History of St. Paul's Cathedral_ (1818 ed.), p. 310. [80] _Fabric Rolls of York Minster_ (Surtees Society), p. 222. Though some were clearly made fast to one side of the garment, and were hitched to the other by hooks, or by a pin, like a brooch, they were not always employed to unite the two sides, but were sometimes used simply as a decoration upon the front of the vestment, and perhaps hung there by a chain round the neck.[81] Examples to be found in many museums are pierced with holes, or have loops behind them, showing that they were sewn to the vestment with purely decorative purpose. [81] Compare p. 121. From the close of the twelfth century champlevé enamel upon copper was much employed for the decoration of morses. In the fourteenth century champlevé was largely superseded by transparent enamel on silver relief (_basse-taille_), many of the finest specimens of which were produced in Italy. Two fine morses displaying this species of work are preserved; the one in the British Museum[82] and the other at South Kensington. [82] Shaw, _Decorative arts of the Middle Ages_, Pl. 7. The use of ancient cameos as personal ornaments has already been mentioned; and there is in the British Museum a mediæval intaglio, the finest of its kind, which was used as a morse. It is known as the Crystal of Lothair, since it was made, in all probability, for Lothair II, King of the Franks from 855 to 869. It is a lenticular plaque of rock crystal, 4½ inches in diameter, engraved in intaglio,[83] with the history of Susanna.[84] [83] It is intended, however, to be looked at from the reverse side through the crystal--when the device appears like a cameo. [84] _Archæologia_, LIX, p. 25.