Industries, lack of in Europe during Dark Ages, 30; flourishing in Spain, 160; lead to the discovery of America, 166. Infants, their burning in hell described, 25. Innocent III, pope, aids in the establishment of the Inquisition, 175. Insurance, fire and marine introduced by Jews, 166. (Note.) Opposed by the church, 166. (Note.) Inventions by Jews and Moors, 112-122. Inquisition described by Samuel Usque, 174; its introduction, 175; its cruelties, 175-182. Iron, chemical affinity determined by Jews and Moors, 120. Irrigation, treaties on, 163. Isaac ben Sid, prepares Alphonsine tables, 119. Isabella, queen of Castile marries Ferdinand, King of Aragon, 172; opposed to Inquisition, 179; her opposition overcome by her husband and Torquemada, 179; desires to revoke expulsion edict, 196; a scene with Torquemada, 196. Israeli Isaac ben Suleiman, author of medical work on fever, 110. Italy, welcomes exiled Portuguese Jews, 218. J. JAMES, the apostle, his arm preserved in an Alsatian Monastery, 23. Jerome St., opposes bishops studying secular subjects, 18. Jerusalem, its destruction, 83, 84. Jews, their dispersion, 85, 87; their early suffering, 83, 85, 89; their entrance into Spain, 91; their earliest sufferings in Spain, 92, 95; favorably treated by Arab-Moor, 98, 100; aid Arab-Moors in their conquest of Spain, 54, 98; devoted to industry in Europe during Dark Ages, 31; make Spain garden spot of Europe, 91; their learning, 108; their contribution to medical science, 110; in the pure sciences, 113; their treatment in Alexandria, 152; devoted to Aristotelian philosophy, 154; their importance in commerce, 165-170 (Note.) their prosecutions, 173-177; feign allegiance to Christianity, 177; their expulsion from Spain, 189-205; their sufferings, 207-214; rest and peace at last, 219; their eternity, 237. John the Baptist, his skeleton preserved in an Alsatian Monastery, 23. John II, king of Portugal, grants an eight month's sojourn in Portugal to exiled Spanish Jews, 213; his cruelty to the Jews, 214, 215. Joseph Chagan, king of Khozars, his proposition to Chasdai ben Isaac, 80. Julian, count, his valiant defence of Ceuta, 54; his revolt, 54; insult to his daughter, 54; swears revenge, 54; conspires with Arab-Moors, 54, 55. Junis Ibn, proves obliquity of Earth's ecliptic, 118. K. KADDISH, meaning of, 72. Kepler, alludes to discovery of Levi ben Gerson, 118. Khozars, Jewish kingdom of, described, 79. Kiddush, described, 72, 78. Koran, its place in Mohammedan worship, 39, 40; selections from it, 40, 41, 42, written by angel Gabriel, 42. Korrah, Ibn, applies Algebra to Geometry, 116. L. LABRAT DUNASH BEN, poet and grammarian, 44. Laplace, refers to Ibn Musa's astronomical theories, 118. Las Navas, battle of, decides fate of Moors, 172. Lead, its chemical affinity determined by Jews and Moors, 120. Leather, extensively manufactured by Jews and Moors, 165. Levi ben Gershon, honorably mentioned by Kepler, 118.