Johann Sebastian Bach: His Life, Art, and WorkForkel, Johann Nikolaus
History
Johann Sebastian Bach: His Life, Art, and Work
Forkel, Johann Nikolaus
Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750; Composers -- Germany -- Biography
Salomo Franck, Bach’s new collaborator, was Curator of the Ducal Museum of
Coins and Medals at Weimar. He was twenty-six years older than Bach. But
Spitta’s conjecture,(388) that the two men were not acquainted, is hardly
tenable. Both resided in the same small provincial town, both were in the
Duke’s service, and throughout 1715 and 1716 collaborated in at least ten
Cantatas performed in the Ducal Chapel. Moreover, though the Preface of
Franck’s first cycle is dated 4th June 1715,(389) Bach had already set one
of its libretti for Easter of that year. A second cycle of texts, of which
Bach made little use,(390) was published by Franck in 1717.(391)
Schweitzer, no doubt, is correct in his conclusion(392) that Bach was
drawn to Franck by his poetic insight, his mysticism, and innate feeling
for nature. It must be remembered, too, that his libretti were, in some
degree, official. On the other hand, Franck was Neumeister’s inferior in
ability to conceive a picture fit to express Bach’s larger moods, and on
occasion could descend to sheer bathos.(393) But his texts have a rhythmic
swing and melody which Bach found agreeable. He set at least sixteen of
them, and returned to them even after he settled at Leipzig.
The circumstances which terminated Bach’s service at Weimar are familiar,
and need not be restated. He received a new appointment at Cöthen on 1st
August 1717, and took up his duties there, probably at Christmas, that
year.(394) His position was that of Capellmeister to the princely Court.
He never styles himself Court Organist,(395) and his duties severed him
for five years from the service of the Church, to which he had declared
his particular dedication in 1708. The Cöthen Court was unpretentious.
The Prince was a Calvinist. Figurate music was not permitted in the Court
Chapel, and its Organ was small and inadequate. Hence Bach devoted
himself chiefly to chamber music, and only two genuine Church Cantatas
belong to this period of his career. Both must have been written for
performance elsewhere, possibly in connection with Bach’s frequent Autumn
tours as a performer.(396)
For both Cantatas Bach employed a librettist, otherwise little known,
named Johann Friedrich Helbig, State Secretory to the Eisenach Court. In
March 1720,(397) more than two years after Bach’s arrival at Cöthen,
Helbig published a cycle of “Musical Texts on the Sunday and Saints’ Day
Gospels throughout the year,” for performance “in God’s honour by the
Prince’s Kapelle at Eisenach.”(398) How they came into Bach’s hands we do
not know, but can readily conjecture. They are indifferent poetry,
judging them by the two specimens Bach made use of, and are uniform in
construction. The first movement invariably is a Chorus upon a text from
the Gospel for the Day, or a Scripture passage closely related to it. Two
Arias separated by a Recitative follow. A Choral brings the libretto to an
end.(399)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account