John Law of Lauriston: Financier and Statesman, Founder of the Bank of France, Originator of the Mississippi Scheme, Etc.Wiston-Glynn, A. W.
History
John Law of Lauriston: Financier and Statesman, Founder of the Bank of France, Originator of the Mississippi Scheme, Etc.
Wiston-Glynn, A. W.
Law, John, 1671-1729
Notwithstanding the efforts of the Duke of Bourbon and of the Prince
of Conti to make the government responsible for the excess of notes,
and thus relieve the shareholders by increasing the free assets upon
which they could claim in liquidation, La Houssaye gained his point,
and reported that the public debt including the shares of the Company
amounted to over thirty-one hundred million livres and bore interest
to the extent of almost a hundred million livres per annum. So great
a charge upon the revenues of the State could not be faced by the
Government, but he recognised it was necessary to minimise as far as
possible the loss which would require to be borne by the shareholders
and possessors of bank notes, who, it was estimated numbered no less
than 100,000 families. He accordingly proposed to withdraw all the
privileges of the Company as far as these related to the management of
the national revenues, and reduce it to the position of a mere trading
concern. He would submit to the closest scrutiny the history of every
individual holding either shares or notes and those which were tainted
with speculation would be subject to cancellation. A commission would
be appointed under whose supervision the work of investigation would
be carried on, and all those who failed to submit their securities for
adjudication before 1st August would be deprived entirely of any right
to have a value placed upon their securities.
A decree to this effect was issued on 4th February, and immediately
thereafter the Commission set to work. The task of investigation which
covered transactions over half a million in number, and of a value
of over 3000,000,000 livres, was entrusted to the brothers Paris,
who employed for the purpose a staff of 800 clerks. To simplify the
gigantic task, securities were cast into five categories according
as they were (1) Reimbursements made by the King, (2) Reimbursements
between private individuals, (3) Sales of real property, (4) Sales of
personal property, (5) Purely speculative transactions. All securities
embraced in the fifth class were cancelled without consideration. The
first were untouched because of their origin. The other three classes
were subjected to reduction, ranging from five to ninety-five per
cent. By the end of 1721, the Commission were in a position to deliver
their decision upon the first batch of securities, and by the end of
the following year to finally bring their work to a conclusion. As a
result of the investigation, 1000 million livres of securities were
altogether cancelled, leaving a public debt of 2000 million livres
bearing annual interest amounting to 48 million livres. The capital of
the Company which had before the commission amounted to 200,000 shares
was reduced to 56,000 shares of the value of 500 livres each, bearing a
fixed dividend of 100 livres for the first year, and 150 livres during
subsequent years, guaranteed by the Government and subject to increase,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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