John Law of Lauriston: Financier and Statesman, Founder of the Bank of France, Originator of the Mississippi Scheme, Etc.Wiston-Glynn, A. W.
History
John Law of Lauriston: Financier and Statesman, Founder of the Bank of France, Originator of the Mississippi Scheme, Etc.
Wiston-Glynn, A. W.
Law, John, 1671-1729
Law himself was the victim of a somewhat amusing result of his own
methods about this time. Some months before he negotiated with the
President of Novion the purchase of his estates for £400,000 francs.
The President required payment to be made in silver, and Law, who was
anxious to impress everyone with the advantages to be gained by the use
of paper alone, could not of course refuse, declaring that he preferred
to be rid of a metal which was to him a burden on account of its bulk,
and of the embarrassment it caused him. Unfortunately Law was compelled
afterwards to re-transfer the estates to the President’s son to whom
the right of pre-emption had been reserved, and received back the price
in notes which he was bound to accept according to his own decree. Nor
could Law complain of the advantage that had been taken of him without
depreciating the value of his own paper.
A measure of vastly greater importance and destined to lead to much
graver consequences than even those already mentioned was the union
of the Royal Bank and the Indian Company. A meeting was held on
22nd February at the Bank to which had been called the principal
shareholders of the Company, the proposal being formally made and
agreed to. Since the General Bank had been converted, in December,
1718, into a Royal institution, it had carried on its business for
the benefit of the Royal revenues alone. The notes in circulation
carried the guarantee of the King, a guarantee which was still to
remain notwithstanding the amalgamation. For the ostensible purpose
of preventing unlimited issue of additional notes it was provided
that authority must in all cases be first obtained from the Council.
Since the Council was in all its deliberations under the influence
of the Regent, it will be seen later how worthless such a provision
proved as an effective check to arbitrary fabrication of paper. During
the period of the Bank’s existence as a Royal establishment, it had
carried on business with great success, its balance sheet showing on
paper a profit 120,000,000 livres of profit. This profit it was also
arranged should be transferred intact to the company for the benefit
of its shareholders. The object which Law had in view in bringing
about the union could only have been one of expediency. It contained
no feature which promised permanent success to the undertaking, and
showed a singular lack of foresight and real business capacity.
Undoubtedly it gave encouragement to speculators, who were carried
away by the apparent increase of stability given to the Company by the
amalgamation. But even this was of short duration. It was impossible
to conceal for long the elusory nature of the transaction, and it soon
became clear that a false step had been taken inasmuch as the fortunes
of the Bank were now altogether bound up with those of the Company.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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