[4] On October 20, 1870, a month after the forcible occupation of Rome by the Piedmontese troops, Pius IX. issued a brief proroguing the Council. It has never been either closed or reassembled. [5] Fr. Herbert Thurston, S.J., in a learned article in _The Month_ (October, 1911), has shown that the custom of offering a "purification" of unconsecrated wine and water to lay communicants, after their reception of the Host, was practically universal in England down to the period of the Reformation, and was continued until the reign of James II. The practice is still generally observed at Ordination Masses, and on one or two other rare and special occasions. [6] The learned and eloquent Professor of Exegesis had been appointed a canon of St. Paul's by Mr. Gladstone in the spring of this year, and had preached his first sermon under the dome as canon-in-residence on September 11, four days before the above letter was written. [7] Father George Smith, who had studied at St. Sulpice, and was an excellent scholar and theologian, became Bishop of Argyll and the Isles in 1893, occupying the see for a quarter of a century until his death in 1918. [8] Long after the termination of his political connection with Bute, Sir Charles Dalrymple used to recall with pleasure the remark once made to him on Rothesay Pier by a Buteshire farmer of the old school: "Weel, sir, we've got three things to be thankful for in the Isle of Bute, and forbye they all begin with an M: we've a gude mairquis, and a gude member, and a gude meenister." [9] Right Rev. J. I. Cummins, O.S.B., now (1920) titular Abbot of St. Mary's, York. [10] This was Dom Roger Bede Vaughan, younger brother of Cardinal Herbert Vaughan of Westminster. He was cathedral prior of Belmont from 1862 to 1872, and in 1877 became Archbishop of Sydney, N.S.W. He died in 1883. [11] From the Eucharistic hymn _Adoro Te devoiè_, written by St. Thomas of Aquin about A.D. 1260, and known as the "Rhythmus S. Thomæ Aquinatis." Sixteen English versions of it have been published at various times. [12] The Rev. J. Leycester Lyne--commonly known as "Father Ignatius"--was at this time endeavouring, with no great success, to establish an Anglican Benedictine monastery among the Black Mountains of Wales. About a year previous to Bute's visit he had laid the foundation of the conventual buildings. {102} CHAPTER VI MARRIAGE--HOME AND FAMILY LIFE--VISIT TO MAJORCA 1871-1874