Chemists -- England -- Biography; Priestley, Joseph, 1733-1804
“I wish M. Berthollet and his associates would relate their facts in
plain prose, that all men might understand them, and reserve their
poetry of the new nomenclature for their theoretical commentaries on
the facts.
“I have wished much to call on you to hear of the progress of your
experiments, but have been much indisposed with the rheumatism. I long
to know what acids you get with the other inflammable airs. If you get
different acids from the inflammable air made from sulphur and water,
that made from marine acid and copper (for I would avoid iron on
account of its plumbago and carbon), and that made from charcoal and
water:—I say, if these acids are different (suppose, according to my
notions, vitriolic, marine and fixed air), then will you not be
obliged to admit that there is not one inflammable but many
inflammables, which opinion you now think as heterodox as the
Athanasian System.
“However, there are wonderful resources in the dispute about
Phlogiston, by which either party can evade, so that I am less
sanguine than you are in my hopes of seeing it terminated. One
consolation remains, that in your experiments you cannot fail of
discovering something perhaps of as great or greater importance for us
to know.”
Nevertheless, even in the Club itself there was at least one man who
came under the influence of Priestley, but who eventually emancipated
himself, and this was Withering, who, we are informed, read to them “a
humorous piece in verse entitled ‘The Life and Death of Phlogiston,’
which was long remembered for its clever treatment and pointed wit.”
That Priestley’s influence still reigned in the Club, even down to 1803,
may be inferred from the introduction to his essay, “The Doctrine of
Phlogiston Established”—the last of his scientific papers—in which he
says, “And now that Dr Crawford is dead, I hardly know of any person,
except my friends of the Lunar Society of Birmingham, who adhere to the
doctrine of Phlogiston.”
As regards the history of the Lunar Society there is little more to
tell. One by one its members submitted themselves to the arrest of the
“fell sergeant,” and eventually Keir, Watt, and Boulton, the founder,
were the only survivors, and its meetings were gradually discontinued.
“But,” says its historian, “the influence exerted by the Society did
not die; it had stimulated inquiry and quickened the zeal for
knowledge of all who had come within its influence, and this spirit
diffused and propagated itself in all directions.”
Leonard Horner, who visited Soho in 1809, thus refers to the continued
moral influence of the association:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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