About fourteen miles to the north of Gyah, is a hill, or rather rock, in which a remarkable cavern has been excavated, called "Nugur-jenee" ("Nugur" a town, and "Jenee" the Jains). Being unable to visit it, I will give the account of it as communicated to me by our Captain. The cave, it seems, is about two-thirds distant from the summit of the hill; and the entrance, which is about six feet and a half high, by two and a half wide, leads to a chamber of an oval form, having a vaulted roof: this room is forty-four feet in length, eighteen in breadth, and ten in height in the centre. The whole cavity is dug out of the solid granite rock; altogether the excavation extends full a hundred feet. It was probably made for the purposes of worship by the Buddhists, whose religion differs from that of the Brahmins, and who were subjected to great persecutions on account of their tenets. We know that this was the case with the early Christians, who, in consequence of the ruthless tyranny of their heathen oppressors, were compelled to take refuge in the caves of the earth. The cavern at Gyah has two inscriptions, which have been translated by the late Sir Charles Wilkins, and published in the first volume of the "Asiatic Researches." From these inscriptions, it would appear that it is a place of great antiquity, but no dates are given. Passing Futwa, which lies near the confluence of the Pompon and the Ganges, and is noted for the manufacture of its table linen, and for the remains of an extensive saltpetre manufactory, we reached Phoolbarea, and sometime after the little town of Bar. The whole place swarms with beggars, many of whom afforded no little amusement to our passengers, by their anxiety to pick up the coppers, which they threw from the steamer to the water's edge. FOOTNOTES: [Footnote 102: Vide Major Rennel.] CHAPTER XVI. Monghyr--Wells of Seetacoond--The Fort of Monghyr--Storms on the Ganges--Cossim Ali Khan--Monghyr the Birmingham of India--Employment of Women--The Gaol--A Sacred Bathing-place--Bhaugulpore--Its Population--Hill Rangers--The Bheels--Mr. Cleveland--Lieut.-Colonel Tod--Colonel Francklin--Colgong--The Jungheera Rocks--The Fakeers--The Rajmahal Hills--Sickreegullee--Boatmen of the Ganges--Rajmahal--Ruins of Gour--The Bhauguretty--Soottee--The Sunderbunds--Bogwangola--Jungepore.