Journal of a second expedition into the interior of Africa, from the Bight of Benin to Soccatoo : $b To which is added, the journal of Richard Lander from Kano to the sea-coast, partly by a more eastern route.Clapperton, Hugh
History
Journal of a second expedition into the interior of Africa, from the Bight of Benin to Soccatoo : $b To which is added, the journal of Richard Lander from Kano to the sea-coast, partly by a more eastern route.
Clapperton, Hugh
Sudan (Region) -- Description and travel
The domestic slaves are generally well treated. The males who have
arrived at the age of eighteen or nineteen are given a wife, and
sent to live at their villages and farms in the country, where they
build a hut, and until the harvest are fed by their owners. When the
time for cultivating the ground and sowing the seed comes on, the
owner points out what he requires, and what is to be sown on it. The
slave is then allowed to enclose a part for himself and family. The
hours of labour, for his master, are from daylight till mid-day; the
remainder of the day is employed on his own, or in any other way he
may think proper. At the time of harvest, when they cut and tie up
the grain, each slave gets a bundle of the different sorts of grain,
about a bushel of our measure, for himself. The grain on his own
ground is entirely left for his own use, and he may dispose of it as
he thinks proper. At the vacant seasons of the year he must attend
to the calls of his master, whether to accompany him on a journey,
or go to war, if so ordered.
The children of a slave are also slaves, and when able are usually
sent out to attend the goats and sheep, and, at a more advanced age,
the bullocks and larger cattle; they are soon afterwards taken home
to the master’s house, to look after his horse or his domestic
concerns, as long as they remain single. The domestic slaves are fed
the same as the rest of the family, with whom they appear to be on
an equality of footing.
The children of slaves, whether dwelling in the house or on the
farm, are never sold, unless their behaviour is such that, after
repeated punishment, they continue unmanageable, so that the master
is compelled to part with them. The slaves that are sold are those
taken from the enemy, or newly purchased, who, on trial, do not
suit the purchaser. When a male or female slave dies unmarried, his
property goes to the owner. The children of the slaves are sometimes
educated with those of the owner, but this is not generally the case.
The male and female children of the better sort of the Fellatas
are all taught to read and write Arabic, but are instructed
separately. The male children of the great are generally sent to
another town, at some distance from that where their parents reside,
to receive their education; in which case they usually reside in the
house of a friend, and a malem or man of learning attends them. Those
of the middle and lower classes generally send their children to the
schools, which they attend for an hour at day-break, and another at
sunset, reading their Arabic lessons aloud and simultaneously. They
are required to get their lessons by heart before the writing is
washed off the board on which it is written. The ink thus diluted
is drank by the scholars, when their master writes a new lesson on
the board.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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