[52] The records appear to bear out Croghan’s contention that he was given instructions to discuss the erection of a fort. See _Pennsylvania Colonial Records_, v, pp. 522, 529. Historians admit that this neglect of the Indians’ request was attended with evil consequences to the English colonies, and Pennsylvania in particular. Consult _Pennsylvania Colonial Records_, v, pp. 537, 547, for the Indian demand and the Assembly’s refusal.—ED. [53] On this conference at Logstown see _Dinwiddie Papers_, i, pp. 6, 7, 11, 22; Trent’s _Journals_, pp. 69-81; Gist’s _Journals_, pp. 231-234.—ED. [54] For the French sources of this expedition see _New York Colonial Documents_, x, pp. 255-257; _Pennsylvania Archives_ (2d series), vi, pp. 161-164.—ED. [55] On the conferences at Winchester and Carlisle (1753), see _Pennsylvania Colonial Records_, v, pp. 657, 665-684.—ED. [56] Colonel Thomas Cresap was a Yorkshireman who came to Maryland at an early age. Having settled within the territory in dispute between Maryland and Pennsylvania, he became an aggressive leader of the forces of the former and was arrested by the Pennsylvania sheriff of Lancaster, where he spent several months in jail. Being released by an agreement between the proprietors of the two colonies (1739), he moved westward, and became the first permanent settler of Maryland beyond the mountains, taking up land at a deserted Shawnee village now called Oldtown. An active member of the Ohio Company, he was assisted by the Indian Nemacolin in blazing the first path west to the Ohio (1752). After the defeat on the Monongahela, Cresap moved back to the settlements on Conococheague Creek; but on the return of peace sought his former location, where he became a noted surveyor and frontiersman. His son Michael was likewise a well-known borderer and Indian fighter. For a complete biographical account, see Ohio Archæological and Historical _Publications_ (Columbus, 1902), x, pp. 146-164.—ED. [57] The official report of these affairs is in _Pennsylvania Colonial Records_, vi, pp. 150-161, 180, 181, 186-191.—ED. [58] On Croghan’s relations to Braddock’s expedition, see _Pennsylvania Colonial Records_, vi, pp. 372, 381, 398; _New York Colonial Documents_, vi, p. 973.—ED. [59] Colonel James Innes was an elderly Scotch officer, who had served under the king’s commission in the West Indies, and had settled in North Carolina. He commanded the contingent from that colony that came to the assistance of Virginia in 1754. On the death of Colonel Joshua Fry, Dinwiddie appointed Innes, who was his personal friend, to the position of commander-in-chief of the colonial army, of which Washington was acting commandant. Innes got no further than Fort Cumberland, where he remained as commander of the fort, alternately appealing to his former royal commission, and to his colonial authorization, for authority to maintain his rank.—ED.