s. The inundation. Pages 416-417. (1) Trees; crops; cattle swept away. (2) Red sand and gray mud left in their stead. (3) Corn swept away. (4) _Breezy_ letters. (5) Southwest Wind, Esquire. 3. _Recitation._ The leader's part in the recitation is to help the children to classify the things mentioned, to bring out the meaning of the figures of speech, and to see that the allusions are understood. In writing this fine chapter, Ruskin has mentioned or alluded to the following: a. Land and water forms: Mountains; valley; snow; peaks; cataracts; river; circular hollow; mill stream; cloud; rain; globe of foam. b. Animals: Sheep (mutton); bird (feathers); puppy; dog (licking its chops); wolf (howling wind); cattle. c. Plant life: Crops; hay; apples; grapes; corn; vines; straw; cork; trees. d. Natural phenomena: A wet summer wind blowing; gushing rain; whirling clouds; misty moonbeam; floating foam; sweeping inundation; breezes (breezy letters). e. Rock material: Quicksilver; red sand; gray mud. f. Natural products: Crops; apples; hay; grapes; wine; honey; corn; mutton; cork; cattle. g. Figures of speech: (In studying figures of speech, make three points in each, viz.: _First_, the basis of the figure; _second_, the translation of the figure into literal English; _third_, the force and beauty of the figure and its effect on the meaning of the sentence. With older children the names of the figures may be given. Illustrations of these directions will follow.) (1) Like a beaten puppy's tail. (A beaten puppy drops his tail and drags it weakly behind him. The feather drooped down behind him and dragged limply along. The figure gives a vivid picture of the wet feather, limp and unhandsome. The figure is a comparison in the form of a _simile_.) (2) Like a mill stream. (Rushing, roaring, fast and furious.) (3) Licking its chops. (_First_, a dog runs out his tongue and licks his lips and the outside of his face [cheeks--chops] when he sees food brought to him. A red flame twists and waves around like the tongue of a dog. We speak of "tongues of flame" and "hungry flames devouring." _Second_, long streams of flame waved around and curled about the wood as they burned it. _Third_, how much more vivid is the picture we see of the beautiful fire. The words "rustling" and "roaring" help to strengthen the figure. This is a fine comparison, but as it is not directly expressed by the use of the words "like" or "as" we call it a _metaphor_.) (4) Quicksilver-like streams. (Bright, shining, smoothly running, with metallic luster.) (5) Like a straw in the high wind. (Rapid, uncertain, irregular motion.) (6) A wreath of ragged cloud. (Notice the metaphor in _wreath_--also in _ragged_.)