Keats, John, 1795-1821; Poets, English -- 19th century -- Biography
The influence, and something of the majesty, of _Paradise Lost_ are in
truth to be found in _Hyperion_: and the debate of the fallen Titans in
the second book is obviously to some extent modelled on the debate of the
fallen angels. But Miltonic the poem hardly is in any stricter sense.
Passing by those general differences that arise from the contrast of
Milton's age with Keats's youth, of his austerity with Keats's luxuriance
of spirit, and speaking of palpable and technical differences only:--in
the matter of rhythm, Keats's blank verse has not the flight of Milton's.
Its periods do not wheel through such stately evolutions to so solemn and
far-foreseen a close; though it indeed lacks neither power nor music, and
ranks unquestionably with the finest blank-verse written since
Milton,--beside that of Shelley's _Alastor_,--perhaps a little below that
of Wordsworth when Wordsworth is at his infrequent best. As to diction and
the poetic use of words, Keats shows almost as masterly an instinct as
Milton himself: but while of Milton's diction the characteristic colour is
derived from reading and meditation, from an impassioned conversance with
the contents of books, the characteristic colour of Keats's diction is
rather derived from conversance with nature and with the extreme
refinements of physical sensation. He is no match for Milton in a passage
of this kind:--
"Eden stretch'd her line
From Auran eastward to the royal towers
Of great Seleucia, built by Grecian kings,
Or where the sons of Eden long before
Dwelt in Telassar."
But then neither is Milton a match for Keats in work like this:--
"throughout all the isle
There was no covert, no retired cave
Unhaunted by the murmurous noise of waves,
Though scarcely heard in many a green recess."
After the pomp and glow of learned allusion, the second chief technical
note of Milton's style is his partiality for a Latin use of the relative
pronoun and the double negative, and for scholarly Latin turns and
constructions generally. Already in _Isabella_ Keats is to be found
attempting both notes, thus:--
"With duller steel than the Persean sword
They cut away no formless monster's head--."
Similar Miltonic echoes occur in _Hyperion_, as in the introduction
already quoted to the speech of Oceanus: or again thus:--
"Then, as was wont, his palace-door flew ope
In smoothest silence, save what solemn tubes,
Blown by the serious Zephyrs, gave of sweet
And wandering sounds, slow-breathed melodies."
But they are not frequent, nor had Keats adopted as much of Milton's
technical manner as he seems to have supposed. Yet he had adopted more of
it than was natural to him or than he cared to maintain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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