Keats, John, 1795-1821; Poets, English -- 19th century -- Biography
Another poem of the same period, romantic in a different sense, is _La
Belle Dame sans Merci_. The title is taken from that of a poem by Alain
Chartier,--the secretary and court poet of Charles VI. and Charles VII.
of France,--of which an English translation used to be attributed to
Chaucer, and is included in the early editions of his works. This title
had caught Keats's fancy, and in the _Eve of St Agnes_ he makes Lorenzo
waken Madeline by playing beside her bed--
"an ancient ditty, long since mute,
In Provence call'd 'La belle dame sans merci'."
The syllables continuing to haunt him, he wrote in the course of the
spring or summer (1819) a poem of his own on the theme, which has no more
to do with that of Chartier than Chartier has really to do with
Provence[57]. Keats's ballad can hardly be said to tell a story; but
rather sets before us, with imagery drawn from the mediæval world of
enchantment and knight-errantry, a type of the wasting power of love, when
either adverse fate or deluded choice makes of love not a blessing but a
bane. The plight which the poet thus shadows forth is partly that of his
own soul in thraldom. Every reader must feel how truly the imagery
expresses the passion: how powerfully, through these fascinating old-world
symbols, the universal heart of man is made to speak. To many students (of
whom the present writer is one) the union of infinite tenderness with a
weird intensity, the conciseness and purity of the poetic form, the wild
yet simple magic of the cadences, the perfect 'inevitable' union of sound
and sense, make of _La Belle Dame sans Merci_ the master-piece, not only
among the shorter poems of Keats, but even (if any single master-piece
must be chosen) among them all.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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