L. Annaeus Seneca on BenefitsSeneca, Lucius Annaeus
Philosophy
L. Annaeus Seneca on Benefits
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus
Benevolence; Classical literature; Conduct of life; Essays
II. It is a question whether a benefit can be taken away from one by
force. Some say that it cannot, because it is not a thing, but an act. A
gift is not the same as the act of giving, any more than a sailor is the
same as the act of sailing. A sick man and a disease are not the same
thing, although no one can be ill without disease; and, similarly,
a benefit itself is one thing, and what any of us receive through a
benefit is another. The benefit itself is incorporeal, and never becomes
invalid; but its subject-matter changes owners, and passes from hand to
hand. So, when you take away from anyone what you have given him,
you take away the subject-matter only of the benefit, not the benefit
itself. Nature herself cannot recall what she has given. She may cease
to bestow benefits, but cannot take them away: a man who dies, yet has
lived; a man who becomes blind, nevertheless has seen. She can cut off
her blessings from us in the future, but she cannot prevent our having
enjoyed them in the past. We are frequently not able to enjoy a benefit
for long, but the benefit is not thereby destroyed. Let Nature struggle
as hard as she please, she cannot give herself retrospective action. A
man may lose his house, his money, his property--everything to which the
name of benefit can be given--yet the benefit itself will remain firm
and unmoved; no power can prevent his benefactor's having bestowed them,
or his having received them.
III. I think that a fine passage in Rabirius's poem, where M. Antonius,
seeing his fortune deserting him, nothing left him except the privilege
of dying, and even that only on condition that he used it promptly,
exclaims,
"What I have given, that I now possess!"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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