Montpensier, Anne-Marie-Louise d'Orléans, duchesse de, 1627-1693
Corneille's contempt for pity was shared by his contemporaries, and
so were his views of marriage as expressed in his first comedies.
The seigniors whom he met at the Hôtel de Rambouillet would have
blushed to feel compassion. They left the womanish weakness of pity
to the inferior beings of the lower orders. The great had always been
convinced that elevation in rank raised man above the consciousness
of the sufferings of beings of an inferior order; and in the day of
Corneille they were fully persuaded that noblemen ought to find higher
reasons for justice and for generosity than the involuntary emotions
which we of this later day have learned to recognise as symptoms of
"nervous disturbance."
I am very little sensible of pity [wrote La Rochefoucauld], and I
would prefer not to feel it at all. Nevertheless there is nothing
that I would not do for the afflicted, and I believe that I ought
to do what I can for them--even to expressing compassion for their
woes, for the wretches are so stupid that it does them the greatest
good in the world to receive sympathy; but I believe that we ought
to confine ourselves to expressing pity; we ought to take great
care not to feel it; pity is a passion which is good for nothing
in a well-made soul; when entertained it weakens the heart, and
therefore we ought to relegate it to beings who need passions to
incite them to do things because they are incapable of acting by
reason.
The manly characters in Corneille's heroic comedies never lower
themselves to the plane of the common people, nor to a plane where they
can think as the people think. Corneille was "of the Court" by all his
feelings and by all his prejudices, and he shared Mademoiselle's belief
that there is a natural difference between the man of quality and the
man below the quality, because generous virtues are mingled with the
blood which runs in noble veins, while the blood of the man of lower
birth is mingled with lower passions. Being a true courtier, Corneille
believed that above the two varieties of the human kind--the quality
and the lesser people--Providence set the order of Princes who are of
an essence apart, elect, and quasi-divine.
In _Don Sancho d'Aragon_ Carlos did his best to prove that he was
the son of a fisherman. His natural splendour gave the lie to his
pretence. "Impossible that he could have sprung from blood formed by
Heaven of nothing but clay."
Don Lope affirms that it cannot be true.
Non, le fils d'un pêcheur ne parle point ainsi ...
Je le soutien, Carlos, vous n'êtes point son fils,
La justice du ciel ne peut l'avoir permis,
Les tendresses du sang vous font une imposture,
Et je démens pour vous la voix de la nature.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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