Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution: His Life and WorkPackard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring)
History
Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution: His Life and Work
Packard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring)
Evolution (Biology); Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, 1744-1829; Naturalists -- France -- Biography
"2. The movements which are general from the time they begin, and
which form no reaction. It is these which constitute internal
emotions, and it is of them alone of which we shall treat.
"But previously, it is necessary to say a word regarding the
_feeling of existence_, because this feeling is the source from
which the inner emotions originate.
"_On the Feeling of Existence._
"The feeling of existence (_sentiment d'existence_), which I shall
call _inner feeling_,[183] so as to separate from it the idea of a
general condition (_généralité_) which it does not possess, since it
is not common to all living beings and not even to all animals, is
a very obscure feeling, with which are endowed those animals
provided with a nervous system sufficiently developed to give them
the faculty of feeling.
"This sentiment, very obscure as it is, is nevertheless very
powerful, for it is the source of inner emotions which test
(_éprouvent_) the individuals possessing it, and, as the result,
this singular force urges these individuals to themselves produce
the movements and the actions which their wants require. Moreover
this feeling, considered as a very active _motor_, only acts thus by
sending to the muscles which necessarily cause these movements and
actions the nervous fluid which excites them....
"Indeed, as the result of organic or vital movements which are
produced in every animal, that which possesses a nervous system
sufficiently developed has physical sensibility and continually
receives in every inner and sensitive part impressions which
continually affect it, and which it feels in general without being
able to distinguish any single one.
"The sentiment of existence [consciousness] is general, since almost
every sensitive part of the body shares in it. 'It constitutes this
_me_ (_moi_) with which all animals, which are only sensitive, are
penetrated, without perceiving it, but which those possessing a
brain are able to notice, having the power of thought and of giving
attention to it. Finally, it is in all the source of a power which
is aroused by wants, which acts effectively only by emotion, and
through which the movements and actions derive the force which
produces them'....
"Finally, the inner feeling only manifests its power, and causes
movements, when there exists a system for muscular movement, which
is always dependent on the nervous system, and cannot take place
without it."
The author then states that these emotions of the organic sense may
operate in the animals and in man either without or with an act of their
will.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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