Treatment.--Just as has been stated in discussions on the subject of open joint, probing or other instrumentation is to be avoided until the exterior of the wound and a liberal area surrounding has been thoroughly cleansed--too much importance can not be placed on this preliminary measure. In cases of open joint where ragged wound margins exist and the interior of the joint capsule is contaminated, much time is required to thoroughly cleanse all soiled parts. In some instances an hour's time is required for this cleansing process after the subject has been restrained and prepared. In order to thoroughly cleanse these delicate structures without doing them serious injury, one ought to be skillful and careful in all manipulations of the exposed parts of the joint capsule. The general plan of treatment, after preliminary cleansing has been accomplished, has been outlined on page 66 in the consideration of scapulohumeral joint affections. The injection of undiluted tincture of iodin in ounce quantities, it must be remembered, is not to be done unless there is provision for its free exit. Where good drainage from the joint cavity exists all infected wounds should be thus treated, and this treatment may be repeated as conditions seem to require--until infection is checked. If daily injections are necessary, dilution of the tincture of iodin with an equal amount of alcohol is advisable in order to avoid doing irreparable damage to the articular cartilages and synovial membranes. An antiseptic powder composed of equal parts of boric acid and exsiccated alum is employed to protect the wound surfaces and the margins, and the parts are then bandaged. In bandaging wounds of this kind a liberal amount of cotton should be employed, and after a large surface surrounding the wound has been thoroughly cleansed, it must be so kept thereafter. This is impossible, if one uses a small amount of cotton, particularly if such meager quantity of dressing material is carelessly wrapped in position with an insufficient amount of bandage material. Mention, without description of the elemental problem of applying cotton and bandages to a wound, would be sufficient, were it not that this is a very important part of the handling of such cases, and many practitioners are not only thoughtless in this part of their work, but also apparently careless. What does it profit to prepare a part and cleanse a wound with painstaking care and then neglect to take every possible precaution to prevent its subsequent contamination?