Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
History
Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911
Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
Aeronautics; Flight
The aerodrome, being uninjured in the previous flight, was again
placed on the “underneath” launching apparatus, and before attaching
the wings a short run was made in order to see that everything was in
proper working condition. As everything seemed to be all right, the
wings and tail were immediately adjusted for another trial. As the
bow was slightly elevated in the previous trial, it was thought best
to bring the ‹CG› a little farther forward, and this was accordingly
done. As the aerodrome also seemed to drop slightly in leaving the
launching car in the above trial, the tension of the launching
springs was slightly increased so as to increase the velocity at the
moment of release.
Just as the sun was setting the aerodrome was again launched, 1
minute and 30 seconds having been required to raise 120 pounds steam
pressure, but the pressure was rising very rapidly at the moment
of launching. There was an absolutely dead calm prevailing, the
river being as smooth as glass. The launching apparatus, with the
disappearing track, worked perfectly. Immediately upon being released
the aerodrome went straight ahead, with its midrod horizontal, but
gradually glided downward as though the wings had very little lifting
power, and settled in the water about 200 feet from the house-boat.
The velocity of the launching car, 1 foot before the aerodrome was
released, was 22 feet a second, as shown by the carbon record sheet.
In the above trials of the superposed wings, the conditions of the
wind and of the aerodrome were certainly as favorable as could be
expected. There was as much power being furnished by the engine as
had been furnished in the previous flights with the “single-tier”
wings, and the balancing of the aerodrome was exceedingly good.
The superposed wings, unquestionably, had a fair trial and proved
inferior to the “single-tier” ones, for they had a supporting surface
of 2.75 square feet to the pound, whereas with the “single-tier”
wings there was approximately 2 square feet to the pound. The
decreased lifting power of the superposed wings seems to be another
confirmation of the results of the Allegheny experiments with the
“plane-dropper.”[40]
As more time had already been given to these tests than it seemed
well to [p151] spend on them at that time, owing to the pressure of
the work of construction for the large machine, it was deemed best
to discontinue them for the time being, and as soon as time could be
found for it, to construct a set of wings with superposed surfaces,
using only two surfaces and making their distance apart at least
equal to or greater than their width.
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