Although acute lead poisoning is rare in industrial experience, it may occur from time to time. Several cases are on record where a workman developed an acute attack of poisoning as a result of immersion in a white lead beck; another case is described which followed immersion in a tank of solution of lead acetate. An accident of this description may conceivably occur; the treatment of such a case should be energetic, as the poisoning is chiefly due to lead swallowed. An emetic should be given, followed by sublimed sulphur, or, better still, the stomach washed out with dilute hydrogen sulphide water slightly acidulated with sulphuric acid, so as to change any lead present in the stomach into the least soluble form. A brisk purge should be given, and the patient encouraged to drink considerable quantities of lemonade containing sodium or potassium citrate. Alcohol, even during collapse, should be avoided; a hypodermic injection of strychnine is preferable. It must be borne in mind that lead is absorbed in the upper part of the intestine, and only in a minute degree, if at all, from the stomach; it is re-excreted mainly by the large bowel and by the urine; to some extent also by the sweat and saliva. Treatment is therefore directed towards (_a_) forming an insoluble compound as far as possible; (_b_) promoting the elimination of the poison; (_c_) placing as little work as possible upon the tissues most affected. Only milk should be given as food for two to three days. The diagnosis of lead poisoning is not in itself of any great difficulty where any one of the classical symptoms of lead poisoning is present, such as lead colic, paresis, or the characteristic lead anæmia or cachexia. On the other hand, the premonitory symptoms of poisoning, as seen by a club doctor, particularly in persons engaged in industrial processes, are more difficult to determine; but for the appointed surgeon, who has an opportunity of watching them from week to week, the gradual development of anæmia, extensor weakness, and other early symptoms, should give no difficulty. The clinical diagnosis requires to be made earlier by the appointed surgeon than by the general practitioner; for the appointed surgeon’s duty in a white lead works is not only to treat lead poisoning when it is once established, but, by carefully noting premonitory signs, to avoid the development of actual symptoms in susceptible persons. It is convenient, therefore, to divide the diagnosis of lead poisoning, from the clinical standpoint, into two divisions--incipient and pronounced. Such incipient changes are for the most part noticed amongst lead-workers, and in many cases are more strictly signs of lead absorption than signs of lead poisoning.