In the foundry the recasting of old used type, etc., is effected, and periodically scraps and sweepings are melted down. These melting-pots should have telescopic hoods so balanced that they can readily be lowered, so as to enclose the bath of molten metal and allow the fume to be drawn by the fan into a duct of such width as to offer no obstacle to escape. A duct too narrow to deal with the great expansion the heated air undergoes is a defect very frequently found. A principal source of danger is the skimming of the melting-pot for sweepings, etc., and deposit of the large amount of dross by the side of the pot. Receptacles for the dross in connection with the exhaust system are imperatively needed. Exhaust, where practicable, over the often large melting-pot for stereotype casting is desirable, in order to secure a reasonable temperature. Here there is the danger of splashing of molten metal, which is subsequently trodden underfoot. _Compositors’ Work._--The letters are distributed in the small compartments of the type cases. From attrition dust may lie thick in the compartments, and when at work there is always tendency for small quantities of this dust to be dispersed. While this is the principal source of poisoning, inasmuch as dust containing lead must adhere to the fingers, lead may thus enter the system with food or when smoking. It is quite as easy, also, to believe that lead poisoning may result from solvent action of the blood and tissue fluids on small spicules of lead type which penetrate the skin as to credit the well-substantiated cases of plumbism ensuing on retention of bullets or shot in the body. Compositors sometimes contract the habit of holding type between their teeth. The old dangerous method of blowing out the dust on the staircase by means of a bellows should before long be entirely supplanted by use of suction bellows or use of printers’ case dust-extractors. In the Clements apparatus the cases are placed on a shelf, which is made to oscillate; air is forced into the compartments from numerous jets, so as to raise the dust, which is removed by suction and collected. The cases are thus cleaned with great saving of time in the composing-room itself, and without contamination of the general atmosphere by dust. The dust removed from a composing box by a vacuum cleaner was found in the Government laboratory to contain 9·8 per cent. of metallic lead, and that collected from the top of the magazine of a linotype machine 8·18 per cent.