The marked reduction in the expenses, as referred to the lead-ore and the work-lead produced, is determined (as was pointed out above) by the greater lead content of the charge, and by the larger yield of lead consequent thereon. The advantage of longer smelting campaigns (which ultimately were mostly prolonged to one year) also makes itself felt; it would be still more marked, if the shaft furnace (which was still in working condition after it was blown out) had been run on for some time longer. Finally, if we examine the question of the space taken up by the plant (which, owing to the scarcity of suitably located building sites, would have been important at the Friedrichshütte at the time when the quantity of ore treated was suddenly doubled), here again we shall recognize the great advantage which this establishment has gained from the Huntington-Heberlein process. As was calculated above, there would have been required 15 reverberatory and 15 sintering furnaces to cope with the quantity of ore treated. As a reverberatory requires, in round numbers, 120 sq. m. (1290 sq. ft.), and a sintering furnace 200 sq. m. (2153 sq. ft.); and as fully 100 sq. m. (1080 sq. ft.) must be allowed for each furnace for a dumping ground, therefore the 15 reverberatory furnaces would have required an area of 15 × 120 + 15 × 100 = 3300 sq. m.; the 15 sintering furnaces would have required 15 × 200 + 15 × 100 = 4500 sq. m.; in all 3300 + 4500 = 7800 sq. m. (83,960 sq. ft.). The 12 stationary Huntington-Heberlein furnaces (built together two and two) would take up a space of 6 × 200 + 12 × 100 = 2400 sq. m. (25,830 sq. ft.). Similarly, 8 small furnaces would require 8 × 100 + 8 × 100 = 1600 sq. m. (17,222 sq. ft.); while for the new installation of four 8-meter revolving-hearth furnaces and 10 large converters, only 1320 sq. m. (14,120 sq. ft.) have been allowed. For shaft furnaces with three or eight tuyeres, which were run with low-pressure blast for the material roasted on the old plan, the total area built upon was 18 × 16.5 = 297 sq. m.; while a further area of 18 × 14 = 250 sq. m. was hitherto provided, and was found sufficient for dumping slag when working regularly. Therefore, the installation of shaft furnaces formerly in existence, after requisite enlargement to 14 furnaces, would have demanded a space of 7 × 297 + 7 × 250 = 3829 sq. m. (42,215 sq. ft.). If four of the small shaft furnaces had been reconstructed for eight tuyeres, and run with Huntington-Heberlein roasted material, using high-pressure blast, the area occupied would have been reduced to 2 × 297 + 2 × 250 sq. m. = 1094 sq. m. (11,776 sq. ft.).